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Treffer zu den einzelnen Wörtern · 9

• Verbrechen

  Strafzumessung im Todesstrafenverfahren

  Steht nach einem Schuldspruch wegen Mordes ersten Grades mit besonderen Umständen die Todesstrafe im Raum, entscheidet das Gericht in einem eigenen Abschnitt über Tod oder lebenslang ohne Bewährung. Der Paragraf zählt auf, welche erschwerenden und mildernden Umstände dabei berücksichtigt werden dürfen. Überwiegen die mildernden Umstände, ist auf lebenslang ohne Bewährung zu erkennen.

  Strafekeine Zahl im Gesetz — nur der Wortlaut, unter „Mehr dazu“

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.3Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.3 — Strafzumessung im TodesstrafenverfahrenWortlautzu

  Steht nach einem Schuldspruch wegen Mordes ersten Grades mit besonderen Umständen die Todesstrafe im Raum, entscheidet das Gericht in einem eigenen Abschnitt über Tod oder lebenslang ohne Bewährung. Der Paragraf zählt auf, welche erschwerenden und mildernden Umstände dabei berücksichtigt werden dürfen. Überwiegen die mildernden Umstände, ist auf lebenslang ohne Bewährung zu erkennen.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Tod oder lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung. Überwiegen die mildernden Umstände die erschwerenden, ist lebenslang ohne Bewährung zu verhängen.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  If the defendant has been found guilty of murder in the first degree, and a special circumstance has been charged and found to be true, or if the defendant may be subject to the death penalty after having been found guilty of violating subdivision (a) of Section 1672 of the Military and Veterans Code or Sections 37, 128, 219, or 4500 of this code, the trier of fact shall determine whether the penalty shall be death or confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole. In the proceedings on the question of penalty, evidence may be presented by both the people and the defendant as to any matter relevant to aggravation, mitigation, and sentence including, but not limited to, the nature and circumstances of the present offense, any prior felony conviction or convictions whether or not such conviction or convictions involved a crime of violence, the presence or absence of other criminal activity by the defendant which involved the use or attempted use of force or violence or which involved the express or implied threat to use force or violence, and the defendant’s character, background, history, mental condition and physical condition.

  The trier of fact shall be instructed that a sentence of confinement to state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole may in future after sentence is imposed, be commuted or modified to a sentence that includes the possibility of parole by the Governor of the State of California.

  After having heard and received all of the evidence, and after having heard and considered the arguments of counsel, the trier of fact shall consider, take into account and be guided by the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in this section, and shall impose a sentence of death if the trier of fact concludes that the aggravating circumstances outweigh the mitigating circumstances. If the trier of fact determines that the mitigating circumstances outweigh the aggravating circumstances the trier of fact shall impose a sentence of confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  If the defendant has been found guilty of murder in the first degree, and a special circumstance has been charged and found to be true, or if the defendant may be subject to the death penalty after having been found guilty of violating subdivision (a) of Section 1672 of the Military and Veterans Code or Sections 37, 128, 219, or 4500 of this code, the trier of fact shall determine whether the penalty shall be death or confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole. In the proceedings on the question of penalty, evidence may be presented by both the people and the defendant as to any matter relevant to aggravation, mitigation, and sentence including, but not limited to, the nature and circumstances of the present offense, any prior felony conviction or convictions whether or not such conviction or convictions involved a crime of violence, the presence or absence of other criminal activity by the defendant which involved the use or attempted use of force or violence or which involved the express or implied threat to use force or violence, and the defendant’s character, background, history, mental condition and physical condition. However, no evidence shall be admitted regarding other criminal activity by the defendant which did not involve the use or attempted use of force or violence or which did not involve the express or implied threat to use force or violence. As used in this section, criminal activity does not require a conviction. However, in no event shall evidence of prior criminal activity be admitted for an offense for which the defendant was prosecuted and acquitted. The restriction on the use of this evidence is intended to apply only to proceedings pursuant to this section and is not intended to affect statutory or decisional law allowing such evidence to be used in any other proceedings. Except for evidence in proof of the offense or special circumstances which subject a defendant to the death penalty, no evidence may be presented by the prosecution in aggravation unless notice of the evidence to be introduced has been given to the defendant within a reasonable period of time as determined by the court, prior to trial. Evidence may be introduced without such notice in rebuttal to evidence introduced by the defendant in mitigation. The trier of fact shall be instructed that a sentence of confinement to state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole may in future after sentence is imposed, be commuted or modified to a sentence that includes the possibility of parole by the Governor of the State of California. In determining the penalty, the trier of fact shall take into account any of the following factors if relevant: (a) The circumstances of the crime of which the defendant was convicted in the present proceeding and the existence of any special circumstances found to be true pursuant to Section 190.1. (b) The presence or absence of criminal activity by the defendant which involved the use or attempted use of force or violence or the express or implied threat to use force or violence. (c) The presence or absence of any prior felony conviction. (d) Whether or not the offense was committed while the defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbance. (e) Whether or not the victim was a participant in the defendant’s homicidal conduct or consented to the homicidal act. (f) Whether or not the offense was committed under circumstances which the defendant reasonably believed to be a moral justification or extenuation for his conduct. (g) Whether or not defendant acted under extreme duress or under the substantial domination of another person. (h) Whether or not at the time of the offense the capacity of the defendant to appreciate the criminality of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law was impaired as a result of mental disease or defect, or the affects of intoxication. (i) The age of the defendant at the time of the crime. (j) Whether or not the defendant was an accomplice to the offense and his participation in the commission of the offense was relatively minor. (k) Any other circumstance which extenuates the gravity of the crime even though it is not a legal excuse for the crime. After having heard and received all of the evidence, and after having heard and considered the arguments of counsel, the trier of fact shall consider, take into account and be guided by the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in this section, and shall impose a sentence of death if the trier of fact concludes that the aggravating circumstances outweigh the mitigating circumstances. If the trier of fact determines that the mitigating circumstances outweigh the aggravating circumstances the trier of fact shall impose a sentence of confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole.

  Straftaten gegen die Person · Teil 1

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• Stufe steht nicht im Gesetz

  Meineid mit Todesfolge für einen Unschuldigen

  Wer durch vorsätzlichen Meineid oder durch Verleitung zum Meineid die Verurteilung und Hinrichtung eines Unschuldigen herbeiführt, macht sich strafbar. Die Strafe richtet sich nach dem Verfahren der Sections 190.3 und 190.4.

  Strafebis zur Todesstrafe

  Cal. Penal Code § 128Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 128 — Meineid mit Todesfolge für einen UnschuldigenWortlautzu

  Wer durch vorsätzlichen Meineid oder durch Verleitung zum Meineid die Verurteilung und Hinrichtung eines Unschuldigen herbeiführt, macht sich strafbar. Die Strafe richtet sich nach dem Verfahren der Sections 190.3 und 190.4.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Todesstrafe oder lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  Every person who, by willful perjury or subornation of perjury procures the conviction and execution of any innocent person, is punishable by death or life imprisonment without possibility of parole. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to Sections 190.3 and 190.4.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Every person who, by willful perjury or subornation of perjury procures the conviction and execution of any innocent person, is punishable by death or life imprisonment without possibility of parole. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to Sections 190.3 and 190.4.

  Straftaten gegen die Rechtspflege · Teil 1

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• Verbrechen

  Herbeiführen eines Eisenbahnunglücks

  Wer eine Weiche umstellt, eine Schiene entfernt, ein Hindernis auslegt, Sprengstoff einsetzt oder eine Brücke anzündet und dadurch einen Zug tatsächlich zum Entgleisen bringt oder zerstört, macht sich strafbar. Anders als bei der blossen Vorbereitung ist hier der Erfolg eingetreten.

  Strafelebenslanges Gefängnis möglich

  Cal. Penal Code § 219Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 219 — Herbeiführen eines EisenbahnunglücksWortlautzu

  Wer eine Weiche umstellt, eine Schiene entfernt, ein Hindernis auslegt, Sprengstoff einsetzt oder eine Brücke anzündet und dadurch einen Zug tatsächlich zum Entgleisen bringt oder zerstört, macht sich strafbar. Anders als bei der blossen Vorbereitung ist hier der Erfolg eingetreten.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Tod oder lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung, wenn ein Mensch dadurch stirbt; sonst lebenslang mit Möglichkeit der Bewährung. Die Strafe wird nach PC 190.3 und 190.4 bestimmt.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  Every person who unlawfully throws out a switch, removes a rail, or places any obstruction on any railroad with the intention of derailing any passenger, freight or other train, car or engine and thus derails the same, or who unlawfully places any dynamite or other explosive material or any other obstruction upon or near the track of any railroad with the intention of blowing up or derailing any such train, car or engine and thus blows up or derails the same, or who unlawfully sets fire to any railroad bridge or trestle over which any such train, car or engine must pass with the intention of wrecking such train, car or engine, and thus wrecks the same, is guilty of a felony and punishable with death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without possibility of parole in cases where any person suffers death as a proximate result thereof, or imprisonment in the state prison for life with the possibility of parole, in cases where no person suffers death as a proximate result thereof. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to Sections 190.3 and 190.4.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Every person who unlawfully throws out a switch, removes a rail, or places any obstruction on any railroad with the intention of derailing any passenger, freight or other train, car or engine and thus derails the same, or who unlawfully places any dynamite or other explosive material or any other obstruction upon or near the track of any railroad with the intention of blowing up or derailing any such train, car or engine and thus blows up or derails the same, or who unlawfully sets fire to any railroad bridge or trestle over which any such train, car or engine must pass with the intention of wrecking such train, car or engine, and thus wrecks the same, is guilty of a felony and punishable with death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without possibility of parole in cases where any person suffers death as a proximate result thereof, or imprisonment in the state prison for life with the possibility of parole, in cases where no person suffers death as a proximate result thereof. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to Sections 190.3 and 190.4.

  Straftaten gegen die Person · Teil 1

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• Stufe steht nicht im Gesetz

  Gefährlicher Angriff durch einen zu lebenslanger Haft verurteilten Gefangenen

  Wer eine lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe verbüsst und mit Vorbedacht einen anderen Menschen mit einer gefährlichen Waffe oder einem gefährlichen Gegenstand angreift oder mit Mitteln, die geeignet sind, eine schwere Körperverletzung herbeizuführen, wird nach dieser Vorschrift bestraft. Stirbt das Opfer innerhalb eines Jahres und eines Tages an den Folgen, gilt der schwerere Strafrahmen. Die Vorschrift greift auch, wenn der Angriff ausserhalb der Gefängnismauern begangen wird, solange der Täter die lebenslange Strafe verbüsst und nicht auf Bewährung, Parole oder gegen Kaution auf freiem Fuss ist.

  Strafelebenslanges Gefängnis möglich

  Cal. Penal Code § 4500Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 4500 — Gefährlicher Angriff durch einen zu lebenslanger Haft verurteilten GefangenenWortlautzu

  Wer eine lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe verbüsst und mit Vorbedacht einen anderen Menschen mit einer gefährlichen Waffe oder einem gefährlichen Gegenstand angreift oder mit Mitteln, die geeignet sind, eine schwere Körperverletzung herbeizuführen, wird nach dieser Vorschrift bestraft. Stirbt das Opfer innerhalb eines Jahres und eines Tages an den Folgen, gilt der schwerere Strafrahmen. Die Vorschrift greift auch, wenn der Angriff ausserhalb der Gefängnismauern begangen wird, solange der Täter die lebenslange Strafe verbüsst und nicht auf Bewährung, Parole oder gegen Kaution auf freiem Fuss ist.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Todesstrafe oder lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe ohne Möglichkeit der bedingten Entlassung; die Strafe wird nach §§ 190.3 und 190.4 bestimmt. Stirbt das Opfer nicht innerhalb eines Jahres und eines Tages an den Folgen: lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis ohne Möglichkeit der bedingten Entlassung für neun Jahre.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  Every person while undergoing a life sentence, who is sentenced to state prison within this state, and who, with malice aforethought, commits an assault upon the person of another with a deadly weapon or instrument, or by any means of force likely to produce great bodily injury is punishable with death or life imprisonment without possibility of parole. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to the provisions of Sections 190.3 and 190.4; however, in cases in which the person subjected to such assault does not die within a year and a day after such assault as a proximate result thereof, the punishment shall be imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole for nine years.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Every person while undergoing a life sentence, who is sentenced to state prison within this state, and who, with malice aforethought, commits an assault upon the person of another with a deadly weapon or instrument, or by any means of force likely to produce great bodily injury is punishable with death or life imprisonment without possibility of parole. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to the provisions of Sections 190.3 and 190.4; however, in cases in which the person subjected to such assault does not die within a year and a day after such assault as a proximate result thereof, the punishment shall be imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole for nine years. For the purpose of computing the days elapsed between the commission of the assault and the death of the person assaulted, the whole of the day on which the assault was committed shall be counted as the first day. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the application of this section when the assault was committed outside the walls of any prison if the person committing the assault was undergoing a life sentence and was serving a sentence to a state prison at the time of the commission of the assault and was not on parole, on probation, or released on bail pending an appeal.

  Straftaten im Zusammenhang mit Gefängnissen und Gefangenen · Teil 3

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• Verbrechennur im Gesetzestext

  Mord

  Mord ist die rechtswidrige Tötung eines Menschen oder eines Fötus mit Vorsatz und böswilliger Gesinnung. Für die Tötung eines Fötus gilt die Vorschrift nicht, wenn ein rechtmässiger Schwangerschaftsabbruch vorliegt, wenn ein Arzt eingreift, um das Leben der schwangeren Person zu retten, oder wenn die schwangere Person selbst handelt oder eingewilligt hat.

  Strafebis zur Todesstrafe

  Cal. Penal Code §§ 187, 190Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 187 — MordWortlautzu

  Mord ist die rechtswidrige Tötung eines Menschen oder eines Fötus mit Vorsatz und böswilliger Gesinnung. Für die Tötung eines Fötus gilt die Vorschrift nicht, wenn ein rechtmässiger Schwangerschaftsabbruch vorliegt, wenn ein Arzt eingreift, um das Leben der schwangeren Person zu retten, oder wenn die schwangere Person selbst handelt oder eingewilligt hat.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Die Strafe steht in § 190.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Murder is the unlawful killing of a human being, or a fetus, with malice aforethought. (b) This section shall not apply to any person who commits an act that results in the death of a fetus if any of the following apply: (1) The act complied with the former Therapeutic Abortion Act (Article 2 (commencing with Section 123400) of Chapter 2 of Part 2 of Division 106 of the Health and Safety Code) or the Reproductive Privacy Act (Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 123460) of Chapter 2 of Part 2 of Division 106 of the Health and Safety Code). (2) The act was committed by a holder of a physician’s and surgeon’s certificate, as defined in the Business and Professions Code, in a case where, to a medical certainty, the result of childbirth would be death of the person pregnant with the fetus or where the pregnant person’s death from childbirth, although not medically certain, would be substantially certain or more likely than not. (3) It was an act or omission by the person pregnant with the fetus or was solicited, aided, abetted, or consented to by the person pregnant with the fetus. (c) Subdivision (b) shall not be construed to prohibit the prosecution of any person under any other provision of law.

  • Strafe steht nicht hier, sondern in § 190

  Straftaten gegen die Person · Teil 1

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  Cal. Penal Code § 190 — Strafe für MordWortlautzu

  Der Paragraf legt fest, wie Mord bestraft wird. Bei Mord ersten Grades kommen Todesstrafe, lebenslang ohne Bewährung oder 25 Jahre bis lebenslang in Betracht; welche Strafe verhängt wird, richtet sich nach den Vorschriften über besondere Umstände. Mord zweiten Grades wird mit 15 Jahren bis lebenslang bestraft, bei Polizeibeamten als Opfer und bei Schüssen aus einem Fahrzeug jedoch strenger.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Mord ersten Grades: Tod, lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung oder 25 Jahre bis lebenslang. Mord zweiten Grades: 15 Jahre bis lebenslang; 25 Jahre bis lebenslang oder lebenslang ohne Bewährung, wenn das Opfer ein Polizeibeamter im Dienst war; 20 Jahre bis lebenslang, wenn aus einem Fahrzeug heraus vorsätzlich auf eine Person ausserhalb geschossen wurde.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) Every person guilty of murder in the first degree shall be punished by death, imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole, or imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 25 years to life. The penalty to be applied shall be determined as provided in Sections 190.1, 190.2, 190.3, 190.4, and 190.5.

  Except as provided in subdivision (b), (c), or (d), every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life.

  (b) Except as provided in subdivision (c), every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 25 years to life if the victim was a peace officer, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 830.1, subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of Section 830.2, subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, or Section 830.5, who was killed while engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties.

  (c) Every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole if the victim was a peace officer, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 830.1, subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of Section 830.2, subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, or Section 830.5, who was killed while engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and any of the following facts has been charged and found true:

  (d) Every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 20 years to life if the killing was perpetrated by means of shooting a firearm from a motor vehicle, intentionally at another person outside of the vehicle with the intent to inflict great bodily injury.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Every person guilty of murder in the first degree shall be punished by death, imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole, or imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 25 years to life. The penalty to be applied shall be determined as provided in Sections 190.1, 190.2, 190.3, 190.4, and 190.5. Except as provided in subdivision (b), (c), or (d), every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life. (b) Except as provided in subdivision (c), every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 25 years to life if the victim was a peace officer, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 830.1, subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of Section 830.2, subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, or Section 830.5, who was killed while engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties. (c) Every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole if the victim was a peace officer, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 830.1, subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of Section 830.2, subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, or Section 830.5, who was killed while engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties, and any of the following facts has been charged and found true: (1) The defendant specifically intended to kill the peace officer. (2) The defendant specifically intended to inflict great bodily injury, as defined in Section 12022.7, on a peace officer. (3) The defendant personally used a dangerous or deadly weapon in the commission of the offense, in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 12022. (4) The defendant personally used a firearm in the commission of the offense, in violation of Section 12022.5. (d) Every person guilty of murder in the second degree shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of 20 years to life if the killing was perpetrated by means of shooting a firearm from a motor vehicle, intentionally at another person outside of the vehicle with the intent to inflict great bodily injury. (e) Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall not apply to reduce any minimum term of a sentence imposed pursuant to this section. A person sentenced pursuant to this section shall not be released on parole prior to serving the minimum term of confinement prescribed by this section.

  Straftaten gegen die Person · Teil 1

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• Verbrechennur im Gesetzestext

  Besondere Umstände beim Mord

  Der Paragraf zählt die besonderen Umstände auf, bei denen ein Mord ersten Grades mit dem Tod oder lebenslang ohne Bewährung geahndet wird. Dazu gehören unter anderem Mord aus Gewinnsucht, frühere Mordverurteilungen, mehrere Opfer, Heimtücke, die Tötung von Polizeibeamten oder Zeugen sowie Morde im Zusammenhang mit anderen schweren Straftaten. Auch Gehilfen können unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen so bestraft werden.

  Strafebis zur Todesstrafe

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.2Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 190.2 — Besondere Umstände beim MordWortlautzu

  Der Paragraf zählt die besonderen Umstände auf, bei denen ein Mord ersten Grades mit dem Tod oder lebenslang ohne Bewährung geahndet wird. Dazu gehören unter anderem Mord aus Gewinnsucht, frühere Mordverurteilungen, mehrere Opfer, Heimtücke, die Tötung von Polizeibeamten oder Zeugen sowie Morde im Zusammenhang mit anderen schweren Straftaten. Auch Gehilfen können unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen so bestraft werden.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Tod oder lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung. Wer nicht selbst tötet, aber mit Tötungsabsicht hilft, wird ebenso bestraft; wer als massgeblicher Beteiligter unter rücksichtsloser Gleichgültigkeit gegenüber dem Leben mitwirkt, ebenfalls.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant who is found guilty of murder in the first degree is death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if one or more of the following special circumstances has been found under Section 190.4 to be true:

  (b) Unless an intent to kill is specifically required under subdivision (a) for a special circumstance enumerated therein, an actual killer, as to whom the special circumstance has been found to be true under Section 190.4, need not have had any intent to kill at the time of the commission of the offense which is the basis of the special circumstance in order to suffer death or confinement in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole.

  (c) Every person, not the actual killer, who, with the intent to kill, aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces, solicits, requests, or assists any actor in the commission of murder in the first degree shall be punished by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if one or more of the special circumstances enumerated in subdivision (a) has been found to be true under Section 190.4.

  (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), every person, not the actual killer, who, with reckless indifference to human life and as a major participant, aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces, solicits, requests, or assists in the commission of a felony enumerated in paragraph (17) of subdivision (a) which results in the death of some person or persons, and who is found guilty of murder in the first degree therefor, shall be punished by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if a special circumstance enumerated in paragraph (17) of subdivision (a) has been found to be true under Section 190.4.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant who is found guilty of murder in the first degree is death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if one or more of the following special circumstances has been found under Section 190.4 to be true: (1) The murder was intentional and carried out for financial gain. (2) The defendant was convicted previously of murder in the first or second degree. For the purpose of this paragraph, an offense committed in another jurisdiction, which if committed in California would be punishable as first or second degree murder, shall be deemed murder in the first or second degree. (3) The defendant, in this proceeding, has been convicted of more than one offense of murder in the first or second degree. (4) The murder was committed by means of a destructive device, bomb, or explosive planted, hidden, or concealed in any place, area, dwelling, building, or structure, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that his or her act or acts would create a great risk of death to one or more human beings. (5) The murder was committed for the purpose of avoiding or preventing a lawful arrest, or perfecting or attempting to perfect, an escape from lawful custody. (6) The murder was committed by means of a destructive device, bomb, or explosive that the defendant mailed or delivered, attempted to mail or deliver, or caused to be mailed or delivered, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that his or her act or acts would create a great risk of death to one or more human beings. (7) The victim was a peace officer, as defined in Section 830.1, 830.2, 830.3, 830.31, 830.32, 830.33, 830.34, 830.35, 830.36, 830.37, 830.4, 830.5, 830.6, 830.10, 830.11, or 830.12, who, while engaged in the course of the performance of his or her duties, was intentionally killed, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties; or the victim was a peace officer, as defined in the above-enumerated sections, or a former peace officer under any of those sections, and was intentionally killed in retaliation for the performance of his or her official duties. (8) The victim was a federal law enforcement officer or agent who, while engaged in the course of the performance of his or her duties, was intentionally killed, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a federal law enforcement officer or agent engaged in the performance of his or her duties; or the victim was a federal law enforcement officer or agent, and was intentionally killed in retaliation for the performance of his or her official duties. (9) The victim was a firefighter, as defined in Section 245.1, who, while engaged in the course of the performance of his or her duties, was intentionally killed, and the defendant knew, or reasonably should have known, that the victim was a firefighter engaged in the performance of his or her duties. (10) The victim was a witness to a crime who was intentionally killed for the purpose of preventing his or her testimony in any criminal or juvenile proceeding, and the killing was not committed during the commission or attempted commission, of the crime to which he or she was a witness; or the victim was a witness to a crime and was intentionally killed in retaliation for his or her testimony in any criminal or juvenile proceeding. As used in this paragraph, “juvenile proceeding” means a proceeding brought pursuant to Section 602 or 707 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (11) The victim was a prosecutor or assistant prosecutor or a former prosecutor or assistant prosecutor of any local or state prosecutor’s office in this or any other state, or of a federal prosecutor’s office, and the murder was intentionally carried out in retaliation for, or to prevent the performance of, the victim’s official duties. (12) The victim was a judge or former judge of any court of record in the local, state, or federal system in this or any other state, and the murder was intentionally carried out in retaliation for, or to prevent the performance of, the victim’s official duties. (13) The victim was an elected or appointed official or former official of the federal government, or of any local or state government of this or any other state, and the killing was intentionally carried out in retaliation for, or to prevent the performance of, the victim’s official duties. (14) The murder was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel, manifesting exceptional depravity. As used in this section, the phrase “especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel, manifesting exceptional depravity” means a conscienceless or pitiless crime that is unnecessarily torturous to the victim. (15) The defendant intentionally killed the victim by means of lying in wait. (16) The victim was intentionally killed because of his or her race, color, religion, nationality, or country of origin. (17) The murder was committed while the defendant was engaged in, or was an accomplice in, the commission of, attempted commission of, or the immediate flight after committing, or attempting to commit, the following felonies: (A) Robbery in violation of Section 211 or 212.5. (B) Kidnapping in violation of Section 207, 209, or 209.5. (C) Rape in violation of Section 261. (D) Sodomy in violation of Section 286. (E) The performance of a lewd or lascivious act upon the person of a child under the age of 14 years in violation of Section 288. (F) Oral copulation in violation of Section 287 or former Section 288a. (G) Burglary in the first or second degree in violation of Section 460. (H) Arson in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 451. (I) Train wrecking in violation of Section 219. (J) Mayhem in violation of Section 203. (K) Rape by instrument in violation of Section 289. (L) Carjacking, as defined in Section 215. (M) To prove the special circumstances of kidnapping in subparagraph (B), or arson in subparagraph (H), if there is specific intent to kill, it is only required that there be proof of the elements of those felonies. If so established, those two special circumstances are proven even if the felony of kidnapping or arson is committed primarily or solely for the purpose of facilitating the murder. (18) The murder was intentional and involved the infliction of torture. (19) The defendant intentionally killed the victim by the administration of poison. (20) The victim was a juror in any court of record in the local, state, or federal system in this or any other state, and the murder was intentionally carried out in retaliation for, or to prevent the performance of, the victim’s official duties. (21) The murder was intentional and perpetrated by means of discharging a firearm from a motor vehicle, intentionally at another person or persons outside the vehicle with the intent to inflict death. For purposes of this paragraph, “motor vehicle” means any vehicle as defined in Section 415 of the Vehicle Code. (22) The defendant intentionally killed the victim while the defendant was an active participant in a criminal street gang, as defined in subdivision (f) of Section 186.22, and the murder was carried out to further the activities of the criminal street gang. (b) Unless an intent to kill is specifically required under subdivision (a) for a special circumstance enumerated therein, an actual killer, as to whom the special circumstance has been found to be true under Section 190.4, need not have had any intent to kill at the time of the commission of the offense which is the basis of the special circumstance in order to suffer death or confinement in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. (c) Every person, not the actual killer, who, with the intent to kill, aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces, solicits, requests, or assists any actor in the commission of murder in the first degree shall be punished by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if one or more of the special circumstances enumerated in subdivision (a) has been found to be true under Section 190.4. (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), every person, not the actual killer, who, with reckless indifference to human life and as a major participant, aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces, solicits, requests, or assists in the commission of a felony enumerated in paragraph (17) of subdivision (a) which results in the death of some person or persons, and who is found guilty of murder in the first degree therefor, shall be punished by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole if a special circumstance enumerated in paragraph (17) of subdivision (a) has been found to be true under Section 190.4. The penalty shall be determined as provided in this section and Sections 190.1, 190.3, 190.4, and 190.5.

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• Verbrechennur im Gesetzestext

  Feststellung besonderer Umstände

  Werden besondere Umstände behauptet und der Angeklagte des Mordes ersten Grades schuldig gesprochen, muss zu jedem behaupteten Umstand eine gesonderte Feststellung getroffen werden. Bei begründeten Zweifeln ist zugunsten des Angeklagten zu entscheiden. Der Paragraf regelt auch, wie zu verfahren ist, wenn sich die Geschworenen nicht einigen.

  Strafekeine Zahl im Gesetz — nur der Wortlaut, unter „Mehr dazu“

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.4Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.4 — Feststellung besonderer UmständeWortlautzu

  Werden besondere Umstände behauptet und der Angeklagte des Mordes ersten Grades schuldig gesprochen, muss zu jedem behaupteten Umstand eine gesonderte Feststellung getroffen werden. Bei begründeten Zweifeln ist zugunsten des Angeklagten zu entscheiden. Der Paragraf regelt auch, wie zu verfahren ist, wenn sich die Geschworenen nicht einigen.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Kann sich eine neue Jury über die Strafe nicht einigen, kann das Gericht eine neue Jury bestimmen oder lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung verhängen.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  In any case in which the defendant has been found guilty by a jury, and the jury has been unable to reach an unanimous verdict that one or more of the special circumstances charged are true, and does not reach a unanimous verdict that all the special circumstances charged are not true, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issues, but the issue of guilt shall not be tried by such jury, nor shall such jury retry the issue of the truth of any of the special circumstances which were found by an unanimous verdict of the previous jury to be untrue. If such new jury is unable to reach the unanimous verdict that one or more of the special circumstances it is trying are true, the court shall dismiss the jury and in the court’s discretion shall either order a new jury impaneled to try the issues the previous jury was unable to reach the unanimous verdict on, or impose a punishment of confinement in state prison for a term of 25 years.

  If the trier of fact is a jury and has been unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issue as to what the penalty shall be. If such new jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court in its discretion shall either order a new jury or impose a punishment of confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Whenever special circumstances as enumerated in Section 190.2 are alleged and the trier of fact finds the defendant guilty of first degree murder, the trier of fact shall also make a special finding on the truth of each alleged special circumstance. The determination of the truth of any or all of the special circumstances shall be made by the trier of fact on the evidence presented at the trial or at the hearing held pursuant to Subdivision (b) of Section 190.1. In case of a reasonable doubt as to whether a special circumstance is true, the defendant is entitled to a finding that is not true. The trier of fact shall make a special finding that each special circumstance charged is either true or not true. Whenever a special circumstance requires proof of the commission or attempted commission of a crime, such crime shall be charged and proved pursuant to the general law applying to the trial and conviction of the crime. If the defendant was convicted by the court sitting without a jury, the trier of fact shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and by the people, in which case the trier of fact shall be the court. If the defendant was convicted by a plea of guilty, the trier of fact shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and by the people. If the trier of fact finds that any one or more of the special circumstances enumerated in Section 190.2 as charged is true, there shall be a separate penalty hearing, and neither the finding that any of the remaining special circumstances charged is not true, nor if the trier of fact is a jury, the inability of the jury to agree on the issue of the truth or untruth of any of the remaining special circumstances charged, shall prevent the holding of a separate penalty hearing. In any case in which the defendant has been found guilty by a jury, and the jury has been unable to reach an unanimous verdict that one or more of the special circumstances charged are true, and does not reach a unanimous verdict that all the special circumstances charged are not true, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issues, but the issue of guilt shall not be tried by such jury, nor shall such jury retry the issue of the truth of any of the special circumstances which were found by an unanimous verdict of the previous jury to be untrue. If such new jury is unable to reach the unanimous verdict that one or more of the special circumstances it is trying are true, the court shall dismiss the jury and in the court’s discretion shall either order a new jury impaneled to try the issues the previous jury was unable to reach the unanimous verdict on, or impose a punishment of confinement in state prison for a term of 25 years. (b) If defendant was convicted by the court sitting without a jury the trier of fact at the penalty hearing shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and the people, in which case the trier of fact shall be the court. If the defendant was convicted by a plea of guilty, the trier of fact shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and the people. If the trier of fact is a jury and has been unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issue as to what the penalty shall be. If such new jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court in its discretion shall either order a new jury or impose a punishment of confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole. (c) If the trier of fact which convicted the defendant of a crime for which he may be subject to the death penalty was a jury, the same jury shall consider any plea of not guilty by reason of insanity pursuant to Section 1026, the truth of any special circumstances which may be alleged, and the penalty to be applied, unless for good cause shown the court discharges that jury in which case a new jury shall be drawn. The court shall state facts in support of the finding of good cause upon the record and cause them to be entered into the minutes. (d) In any case in which the defendant may be subject to the death penalty, evidence presented at any prior phase of the trial, including any proceeding under a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity pursuant to Section 1026 shall be considered an any subsequent phase of the trial, if the trier of fact of the prior phase is the same trier of fact at the subsequent phase. (e) In every case in which the trier of fact has returned a verdict or finding imposing the death penalty, the defendant shall be deemed to have made an application for modification of such verdict or finding pursuant to Subdivision 7 of Section 11. In ruling on the application, the judge shall review the evidence, consider, take into account, and be guided by the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in Section 190.3, and shall make a determination as to whether the jury’s findings and verdicts that the aggravating circumstances outweigh the mitigating circumstances are contrary to law or the evidence presented. The judge shall state on the record the reasons for his findings. The judge shall set forth the reasons for his ruling on the application and direct that they be entered on the Clerk’s minutes. The denial of the modification of the death penalty verdict pursuant to subdivision (7) of Section 1181 shall be reviewed on the defendant’s automatic appeal pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 1239. The granting of the application shall be reviewed on the People’s appeal pursuant to paragraph (6).

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• Verbrechennur im Gesetzestext

  Mord zweiten Grades nach früherer Mordstrafe

  Wer wegen Mordes zweiten Grades verurteilt wird und bereits eine Haftstrafe wegen Mordes ersten oder zweiten Grades verbüsst hat, erhält eine verschärfte Strafe. Der Paragraf regelt zudem das Verfahren, in dem über diese Strafe entschieden wird, und was gilt, wenn die Geschworenen sich nicht einigen können.

  Strafekeine Zahl im Gesetz — nur der Wortlaut, unter „Mehr dazu“

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.05Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.05 — Mord zweiten Grades nach früherer MordstrafeWortlautzu

  Wer wegen Mordes zweiten Grades verurteilt wird und bereits eine Haftstrafe wegen Mordes ersten oder zweiten Grades verbüsst hat, erhält eine verschärfte Strafe. Der Paragraf regelt zudem das Verfahren, in dem über diese Strafe entschieden wird, und was gilt, wenn die Geschworenen sich nicht einigen können.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung oder 15 Jahre bis lebenslang. Überwiegen die mildernden Umstände, ist auf 15 Jahre bis lebenslang zu erkennen. Kann sich eine neue Jury nicht einigen, kann das Gericht 15 Jahre bis lebenslang verhängen.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant found guilty of murder in the second degree, who has served a prior prison term for murder in the first or second degree, shall be confinement in the state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole or confinement in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life. For purposes of this section, a prior prison term for murder of the first or second degree is that time period in which a defendant has spent actually incarcerated for his or her offense prior to release on parole.

  If the trier of fact is a jury and has been unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issue as to what the penalty shall be. If the new jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court in its discretion shall either order a new jury or impose a punishment of confinement in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life.

  After having heard and received all of the evidence, and after having heard and considered the arguments of counsel, the trier of fact shall consider, take into account, and be guided by the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in this section, and shall impose a sentence of life without the possibility of parole if the trier of fact concludes that the aggravating circumstances outweigh the mitigating circumstances. If the trier of fact determines that the mitigating circumstances outweigh the aggravating circumstances, the trier of fact shall impose a sentence of confinement in the state prison for 15 years to life.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant found guilty of murder in the second degree, who has served a prior prison term for murder in the first or second degree, shall be confinement in the state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole or confinement in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life. For purposes of this section, a prior prison term for murder of the first or second degree is that time period in which a defendant has spent actually incarcerated for his or her offense prior to release on parole. (b) A prior prison term for murder for purposes of this section includes either of the following: (1) A prison term served in any state prison or federal penal institution, including confinement in a hospital or other institution or facility credited as service of prison time in the jurisdiction of confinement, as punishment for the commission of an offense which includes all of the elements of murder in the first or second degree as defined under California law. (2) Incarceration at a facility operated by the Youth Authority for murder of the first or second degree when the person was subject to the custody, control, and discipline of the Director of Corrections. (c) The fact of a prior prison term for murder in the first or second degree shall be alleged in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by a plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by trial by the court sitting without a jury. (d) In case of a reasonable doubt as to whether the defendant served a prior prison term for murder in the first or second degree, the defendant is entitled to a finding that the allegation is not true. (e) If the trier of fact finds that the defendant has served a prior prison term for murder in the first or second degree, there shall be a separate penalty hearing before the same trier of fact, except as provided in subdivision (f). (f) If the defendant was convicted by the court sitting without a jury, the trier of fact at the penalty hearing shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and the people, in which case the trier of fact shall be the court. If the defendant was convicted by a plea of guilty or nolo contendere, the trier of fact shall be a jury unless a jury is waived by the defendant and the people. If the trier of fact is a jury and has been unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court shall dismiss the jury and shall order a new jury impaneled to try the issue as to what the penalty shall be. If the new jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict as to what the penalty shall be, the court in its discretion shall either order a new jury or impose a punishment of confinement in the state prison for a term of 15 years to life. (g) Evidence presented at any prior phase of the trial, including any proceeding under a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity pursuant to Section 1026, shall be considered at any subsequent phase of the trial, if the trier of fact of the prior phase is the same trier of fact at the subsequent phase. (h) In the proceeding on the question of penalty, evidence may be presented by both the people and the defendant as to any matter relevant to aggravation, mitigation, and sentence, including, but not limited to, the nature and circumstances of the present offense, any prior felony conviction or convictions whether or not such conviction or convictions involved a crime of violence, the presence or absence of other criminal activity by the defendant which involved the use or attempted use of force or violence or which involved the express or implied threat to use force or violence, and the defendant’s character, background, history, mental condition, and physical condition. However, no evidence shall be admitted regarding other criminal activity by the defendant which did not involve the use or attempted use of force or violence or which did not involve the express or implied threat to use force or violence. As used in this section, criminal activity does not require a conviction. However, in no event shall evidence of prior criminal activity be admitted for an offense for which the defendant was prosecuted and acquitted. The restriction on the use of this evidence is intended to apply only to proceedings pursuant to this section and is not intended to affect statutory or decisional law allowing such evidence to be used in any other proceedings. Except for evidence in proof of the offense or the prior prison term for murder of the first or second degree which subjects a defendant to the punishment of life without the possibility of parole, no evidence may be presented by the prosecution in aggravation unless notice of the evidence to be introduced has been given to the defendant within a reasonable period of time as determined by the court, prior to trial. Evidence may be introduced without such notice in rebuttal to evidence introduced by the defendant in mitigation. In determining the penalty, the trier of fact shall take into account any of the following factors if relevant: (1) The circumstances of the crime of which the defendant was convicted in the present proceeding and the existence of the prior prison term for murder. (2) The presence or absence of criminal activity by the defendant which involved the use or attempted use of force or violence or the express or implied threat to use force or violence. (3) The presence or absence of any prior felony conviction. (4) Whether or not the offense was committed while the defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbance. (5) Whether or not the victim was a participant in the defendant’s homicidal conduct or consented to the homicidal act. (6) Whether or not the offense was committed under circumstances which the defendant reasonably believed to be a moral justification or extenuation for his or her conduct. (7) Whether or not the defendant acted under extreme duress or under the substantial domination of another person. (8) Whether or not at the time of the offense the ability of the defendant to appreciate the criminality of his or her conduct or to conform his or her conduct to the requirements of law was impaired as a result of mental disease or defect, or the effects of intoxication. (9) The age of the defendant at the time of the crime. (10) Whether or not the defendant was an accomplice to the offense and his or her participation in the commission of the offense was relatively minor. (11) Any other circumstance which extenuates the gravity of the crime even though it is not a legal excuse for the crime. After having heard and received all of the evidence, and after having heard and considered the arguments of counsel, the trier of fact shall consider, take into account, and be guided by the aggravating and mitigating circumstances referred to in this section, and shall impose a sentence of life without the possibility of parole if the trier of fact concludes that the aggravating circumstances outweigh the mitigating circumstances. If the trier of fact determines that the mitigating circumstances outweigh the aggravating circumstances, the trier of fact shall impose a sentence of confinement in the state prison for 15 years to life. (i) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the charging of finding of any special circumstance pursuant to Sections 190.1, 190.2, 190.3, 190.4, and 190.5.

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• Verbrechennur im Gesetzestext

  Mord an Fahrpersonal des öffentlichen Verkehrs

  Wird ein Bus-, Taxi-, Strassenbahn- oder anderer Fahrer im öffentlichen Personenverkehr oder ein Stations- oder Fahrkartenbediensteter im Dienst ermordet, gilt ein besonderer Umstand. Der Täter erhält dann zwingend lebenslange Haft ohne Bewährung. Das gilt auch für Gehilfen, die vorsätzlich zur Tat beitragen.

  Strafekeine Zahl im Gesetz — nur der Wortlaut, unter „Mehr dazu“

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.25Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 190.25 — Mord an Fahrpersonal des öffentlichen VerkehrsWortlautzu

  Wird ein Bus-, Taxi-, Strassenbahn- oder anderer Fahrer im öffentlichen Personenverkehr oder ein Stations- oder Fahrkartenbediensteter im Dienst ermordet, gilt ein besonderer Umstand. Der Täter erhält dann zwingend lebenslange Haft ohne Bewährung. Das gilt auch für Gehilfen, die vorsätzlich zur Tat beitragen.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Lebenslang ohne Möglichkeit der Bewährung, auch für Beteiligte, die nicht selbst getötet haben.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant found guilty of murder in the first degree shall be confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole in any case in which any of the following special circumstances has been charged and specially found under Section 190.4, to be true: the victim was the operator or driver of a bus, taxicab, streetcar, cable car, trackless trolley, or other motor vehicle operated on land, including a vehicle operated on stationary rails or on a track or rail suspended in the air, used for the transportation of persons for hire, or the victim was a station agent or ticket agent for the entity providing such transportation, who, while engaged in the course of the performance of his or her duties was intentionally killed, and such defendant knew or reasonably should have known that such victim was the operator or driver of a bus, taxicab, streetcar, cable car, trackless trolley, or other motor vehicle operated on land, including a vehicle operated on stationary rails or on a track or rail suspended in the air, used for the transportation of persons for hire, or was a station agent or ticket agent for the entity providing such transportation, engaged in the performance of his or her duties.

  (b) Every person whether or not the actual killer found guilty of intentionally aiding, abetting, counseling, commanding, inducing, soliciting, requesting, or assisting any actor in the commission of murder in the first degree shall suffer confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole, in any case in which one or more of the special circumstances enumerated in subdivision (a) of this section has been charged and specially found under Section 190.4 to be true.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) The penalty for a defendant found guilty of murder in the first degree shall be confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole in any case in which any of the following special circumstances has been charged and specially found under Section 190.4, to be true: the victim was the operator or driver of a bus, taxicab, streetcar, cable car, trackless trolley, or other motor vehicle operated on land, including a vehicle operated on stationary rails or on a track or rail suspended in the air, used for the transportation of persons for hire, or the victim was a station agent or ticket agent for the entity providing such transportation, who, while engaged in the course of the performance of his or her duties was intentionally killed, and such defendant knew or reasonably should have known that such victim was the operator or driver of a bus, taxicab, streetcar, cable car, trackless trolley, or other motor vehicle operated on land, including a vehicle operated on stationary rails or on a track or rail suspended in the air, used for the transportation of persons for hire, or was a station agent or ticket agent for the entity providing such transportation, engaged in the performance of his or her duties. (b) Every person whether or not the actual killer found guilty of intentionally aiding, abetting, counseling, commanding, inducing, soliciting, requesting, or assisting any actor in the commission of murder in the first degree shall suffer confinement in state prison for a term of life without the possibility of parole, in any case in which one or more of the special circumstances enumerated in subdivision (a) of this section has been charged and specially found under Section 190.4 to be true. (c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the charging or finding of any special circumstance pursuant to Sections 190.1, 190.2, 190.3, 190.4, and 190.5.

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