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1 Vorschlag zu 1 erkannten Tat · 1419 Paragraphen durchsucht

Treffer zu den einzelnen Wörtern · 30

• Verbrechen

  Strafschärfung bei Vorstrafen (Three Strikes)

  Wer wegen eines schweren Verbrechens verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen eines schweren Verbrechens verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede solche Vorverurteilung eine zusätzliche Strafe. Bei einer einschlägigen Vorverurteilung wegen eines schweren oder Gewaltverbrechens verdoppelt sich die Strafe für die neue Tat. Bei zwei oder mehr solchen Vorverurteilungen droht eine zeitlich unbestimmte lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe. Diese Vorschrift ist als Three-Strikes-Regel bekannt.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag5 bis 25 Jahre Gefängnis!

  Cal. Penal Code § 667Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 667 — Strafschärfung bei Vorstrafen (Three Strikes)Wortlautzu

  Wer wegen eines schweren Verbrechens verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen eines schweren Verbrechens verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede solche Vorverurteilung eine zusätzliche Strafe. Bei einer einschlägigen Vorverurteilung wegen eines schweren oder Gewaltverbrechens verdoppelt sich die Strafe für die neue Tat. Bei zwei oder mehr solchen Vorverurteilungen droht eine zeitlich unbestimmte lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe. Diese Vorschrift ist als Three-Strikes-Regel bekannt.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Für jede frühere Verurteilung wegen eines schweren Verbrechens zusätzlich fünf Jahre, jeweils anschliessend zu verbüssen. Bei einer einschlägigen Vorverurteilung: doppelte Strafe für die neue Tat. Bei zwei oder mehr einschlägigen Vorverurteilungen: unbestimmte lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe mit einer Mindestverbüssungsdauer, die sich nach dem Höchsten von dreifacher Strafe, 25 Jahren Staatsgefängnis oder der nach Section 1170 bestimmten Strafe richtet.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) (1) A person convicted of a serious felony who previously has been convicted of a serious felony in this state or of any offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of any serious felony, shall receive, in addition to the sentence imposed by the court for the present offense, a five-year enhancement for each such prior conviction on charges brought and tried separately. The terms of the present offense and each enhancement shall run consecutively.

  (ii) Imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) (1) A person convicted of a serious felony who previously has been convicted of a serious felony in this state or of any offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of any serious felony, shall receive, in addition to the sentence imposed by the court for the present offense, a five-year enhancement for each such prior conviction on charges brought and tried separately. The terms of the present offense and each enhancement shall run consecutively. (2) This subdivision shall not be applied when the punishment imposed under other provisions of law would result in a longer term of imprisonment. There is no requirement of prior incarceration or commitment for this subdivision to apply. (3) The Legislature may increase the length of the enhancement of sentence provided in this subdivision by a statute passed by majority vote of each house thereof. (4) As used in this subdivision, “serious felony” means a serious felony listed in subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7. (5) This subdivision does not apply to a person convicted of selling, furnishing, administering, or giving, or offering to sell, furnish, administer, or give to a minor any methamphetamine-related drug or any precursors of methamphetamine unless the prior conviction was for a serious felony described in subparagraph (24) of subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7. (b) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive, to ensure longer prison sentences and greater punishment for those who commit a felony and have been previously convicted of one or more serious or violent felony offenses. (c) Notwithstanding any other law, if a defendant has been convicted of a felony and it has been pled and proved that the defendant has one or more prior serious or violent felony convictions as defined in subdivision (d), the court shall adhere to each of the following: (1) There shall not be an aggregate term limitation for purposes of consecutive sentencing for any subsequent felony conviction. (2) Probation for the current offense shall not be granted, nor shall execution or imposition of the sentence be suspended for any prior offense. (3) The length of time between the prior serious or violent felony conviction and the current felony conviction shall not affect the imposition of sentence. (4) There shall not be a commitment to any other facility other than the state prison. Diversion shall not be granted, nor shall the defendant be eligible for commitment to the California Rehabilitation Center as provided in Article 2 (commencing with Section 3050) of Chapter 1 of Division 3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (5) The total amount of credits awarded pursuant to Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall not exceed one-fifth of the total term of imprisonment imposed and shall not accrue until the defendant is physically placed in the state prison. (6) If there is a current conviction for more than one felony count not committed on the same occasion, and not arising from the same set of operative facts, the court shall sentence the defendant consecutively on each count pursuant to subdivision (e). (7) If there is a current conviction for more than one serious or violent felony as described in paragraph (6), the court shall impose the sentence for each conviction consecutive to the sentence for any other conviction for which the defendant may be consecutively sentenced in the manner prescribed by law. (8) A sentence imposed pursuant to subdivision (e) shall be imposed consecutive to any other sentence that the defendant is already serving, unless otherwise provided by law. (d) Notwithstanding any other law and for the purposes of subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive, a prior conviction of a serious or violent felony shall be defined as: (1) An offense defined in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5 as a violent felony or an offense defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7 as a serious felony in this state. The determination of whether a prior conviction is a prior felony conviction for purposes of subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive, shall be made upon the date of that prior conviction and is not affected by the sentence imposed unless the sentence automatically, upon the initial sentencing, converts the felony to a misdemeanor. The following dispositions shall not affect the determination that a prior conviction is a prior felony for purposes of subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive: (A) The suspension of imposition of judgment or sentence. (B) The stay of execution of sentence. (C) The commitment to the State Department of State Hospitals as a mentally disordered sex offender following a conviction of a felony. (D) The commitment to the California Rehabilitation Center or any other facility whose function is rehabilitative diversion from the state prison. (2) A prior conviction in another jurisdiction for an offense that, if committed in California, is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison constitutes a prior conviction of a particular serious or violent felony if the prior conviction in the other jurisdiction is for an offense that includes all of the elements of a particular violent felony as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5 or serious felony as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7. (3) A prior juvenile adjudication constitutes a prior serious or violent felony conviction for purposes of sentence enhancement if it meets all of the following: (A) The juvenile was 16 years of age or older at the time the juvenile committed the prior offense. (B) The prior offense is listed in subdivision (b) of Section 707 of the Welfare and Institutions Code or described in paragraph (1) or (2) as a serious or violent felony. (C) The juvenile was found to be a fit and proper subject to be dealt with under the juvenile court law. (D) The juvenile was adjudged a ward of the juvenile court within the meaning of Section 602 of the Welfare and Institutions Code because the person committed an offense listed in subdivision (b) of Section 707 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (e) For purposes of subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive, and in addition to any other enhancement or punishment provisions that apply, the following apply if a defendant has one or more prior serious or violent felony convictions: (1) If a defendant has one prior serious or violent felony conviction as defined in subdivision (d) that has been pled and proved, the determinate term or minimum term for an indeterminate term shall be twice the term otherwise provided as punishment for the current felony conviction. (2) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (C), if a defendant has two or more prior serious or violent felony convictions as defined in subdivision (d) that have been pled and proved, the term for the current felony conviction shall be an indeterminate term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of the indeterminate sentence calculated as the greatest of: (i) Three times the term otherwise provided as punishment for each current felony conviction subsequent to the two or more prior serious or violent felony convictions. (ii) Imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years. (iii) The term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, or any period prescribed by Section 190 or 3046. (B) The indeterminate term described in subparagraph (A) shall be served consecutive to any other term of imprisonment for which a consecutive term may be imposed by law. Any other term imposed subsequent to an indeterminate term described in subparagraph (A) shall not be merged therein but shall commence at the time the person would otherwise have been released from prison. (C) If a defendant has two or more prior serious or violent felony convictions as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5 or subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7 that have been pled and proved, and the current offense is not a serious or violent felony as defined in subdivision (d), the defendant shall be sentenced pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (e) unless the prosecution pleads and proves any of the following: (i) The current offense is a controlled substance charge, in which an allegation under Section 11370.4 or 11379.8 of the Health and Safety Code was admitted or found true. (ii) The current offense is a felony sex offense, defined in subdivision (d) of Section 261.5 or former Section 262, or a felony offense that results in mandatory registration as a sex offender pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 290 except for violations of Sections 266 and 285, paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) and subdivision (e) of Section 286, paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) and subdivision (e) of Section 288a, Section 311.11, and Section 314. (iii) During the commission of the current offense, the defendant used a firearm, was armed with a firearm or deadly weapon, or intended to cause great bodily injury to another person. (iv) The defendant suffered a prior serious or violent felony conviction, as defined in subdivision (d) of this section, for any of the following felonies: (I) A “sexually violent offense” as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 6600 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (II) Oral copulation with a child who is under 14 years of age and more than 10 years younger than the defendant as defined by Section 288a, sodomy with another person who is under 14 years of age and more than 10 years younger than the defendant as defined by Section 286, or sexual penetration with another person who is under 14 years of age and more than 10 years younger than the defendant, as defined by Section 289. (III) A lewd or lascivious act involving a child under 14 years of age, in violation of Section 288. (IV) Any homicide offense, including any attempted homicide offense, defined in Sections 187 to 191.5, inclusive. (V) Solicitation to commit murder as defined in Section 653f. (VI) Assault with a machinegun on a peace officer or firefighter, as defined in paragraph (3) of subdivision (d) of Section 245. (VII) Possession of a weapon of mass destruction, as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 11418. (VIII) Any serious or violent felony offense punishable in California by life imprisonment or death. (f) (1) Notwithstanding any other law, subdivisions (b) to (i), inclusive, shall be applied in every case in which a defendant has one or more prior serious or violent felony convictions as defined in subdivision (d). The prosecuting attorney shall plead and prove each prior serious or violent felony conviction except as provided in paragraph (2). (2) The prosecuting attorney may move to dismiss or strike a prior serious or violent felony conviction allegation in the furtherance of justice pursuant to Section 1385, or if there is insufficient evidence to prove the prior serious or violent felony conviction. If upon the satisfaction of the court that there is insufficient evidence to prove the prior serious or violent felony conviction, the court may dismiss or strike the allegation. This section shall not be read to alter a court’s authority under Section 1385. (g) Prior serious or violent felony convictions shall not be used in plea bargaining as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 1192.7. The prosecution shall plead and prove all known prior serious or violent felony convictions and shall not enter into any agreement to strike or seek the dismissal of any prior serious or violent felony conviction allegation except as provided in paragraph (2) of subdivision (f). (h) All references to existing statutes in subdivisions (c) to (g), inclusive, are to statutes as they existed on November 7, 2012. (i) If any provision of subdivisions (b) to (h), inclusive, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of those subdivisions that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of those subdivisions are severable. (j) The provisions of this section shall not be amended by the Legislature except by statute passed in each house by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of the membership concurring, or by a statute that becomes effective only when approved by the electors.

  • Strafschärfung — der Wert ist ein Zusatzterm, keine Grundstrafe
  • lebenslange-haft

  Nebenfolgen: Bewährung

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1

  Kapitel bei leginfo.legislature.ca.gov

• Verbrechen

  Strafschärfung wegen früher verbüsster Haftstrafen

  Wer erneut straffällig wird und schon früher Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, erhält Zusatzstrafen. Ist die neue Tat ein Gewaltverbrechen und war auch die frühere Tat ein Gewaltverbrechen, kommen drei Jahre je früherer Haftstrafe hinzu. In anderen Fällen kommt ein Jahr je früherer Haftstrafe wegen einer schweren Sexualstraftat hinzu. Zusatzstrafen entfallen, wenn der Verurteilte zehn beziehungsweise fünf Jahre lang straf- und haftfrei geblieben ist.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag1 Jahr Gefängnis!

  Cal. Penal Code § 667.5Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.5 — Strafschärfung wegen früher verbüsster HaftstrafenWortlautzu

  Wer erneut straffällig wird und schon früher Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, erhält Zusatzstrafen. Ist die neue Tat ein Gewaltverbrechen und war auch die frühere Tat ein Gewaltverbrechen, kommen drei Jahre je früherer Haftstrafe hinzu. In anderen Fällen kommt ein Jahr je früherer Haftstrafe wegen einer schweren Sexualstraftat hinzu. Zusatzstrafen entfallen, wenn der Verurteilte zehn beziehungsweise fünf Jahre lang straf- und haftfrei geblieben ist.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Drei Jahre je früherer verbüsster Haftstrafe, wenn neue und frühere Tat Gewaltverbrechen sind. Sonst ein Jahr je früherer verbüsster Haftstrafe wegen einer schweren Sexualstraftat. Die Zusatzstrafen sind anschliessend an die übrige Strafe zu verbüssen.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (b) Except when subdivision (a) applies, if the new offense is any felony for which a prison sentence or a sentence of imprisonment in a county jail under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 is imposed or is not suspended, in addition and consecutive to any other sentence therefor, the court shall impose a one-year term for each prior separate prison term for a sexually violent offense as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 6600 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, provided that an additional term shall not be imposed under this subdivision for any prison term served prior to a period of five years in which the defendant remained free of both the commission of an offense that results in a felony conviction, and prison custody or the imposition of a term of jail custody imposed under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or any felony sentence that is not suspended.

  (f) A prior conviction of a felony shall include a conviction in another jurisdiction for an offense which, if committed in California, is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison or in county jail under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 if the defendant served one year or more in prison for the offense in the other jurisdiction. A prior conviction of a particular felony shall include a conviction in another jurisdiction for an offense that includes all of the elements of the particular felony as defined under California law if the defendant served one year or more in prison for the offense in the other jurisdiction.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Enhancement of prison terms for new offenses because of prior prison terms shall be imposed as follows: (a) If one of the new offenses is one of the violent felonies specified in subdivision (c), in addition to and consecutive to any other prison terms therefor, the court shall impose a three-year term for each prior separate prison term served by the defendant when the prior offense was one of the violent felonies specified in subdivision (c). However, an additional term shall not be imposed pursuant to this subdivision for any prison term served prior to a period of 10 years in which the defendant remained free of both prison custody and the commission of an offense that results in a felony conviction. (b) Except when subdivision (a) applies, if the new offense is any felony for which a prison sentence or a sentence of imprisonment in a county jail under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 is imposed or is not suspended, in addition and consecutive to any other sentence therefor, the court shall impose a one-year term for each prior separate prison term for a sexually violent offense as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 6600 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, provided that an additional term shall not be imposed under this subdivision for any prison term served prior to a period of five years in which the defendant remained free of both the commission of an offense that results in a felony conviction, and prison custody or the imposition of a term of jail custody imposed under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or any felony sentence that is not suspended. (c) The Legislature finds and declares that the following specified crimes merit special consideration when imposing a sentence to display society’s condemnation for these extraordinary crimes of violence against the person. For the purpose of this section, “violent felony” means any of the following: (1) Murder or voluntary manslaughter. (2) Mayhem. (3) Rape as defined in paragraph (2) or (6) of subdivision (a) of Section 261 or paragraph (1) or (4) of subdivision (a) of former Section 262. (4) Sodomy as defined in subdivision (c) or (d) of Section 286. (5) Oral copulation as defined in subdivision (c) or (d) of Section 287 or of former Section 288a. (6) Lewd or lascivious act as defined in subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 288. (7) Any felony punishable by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life. (8) Any felony in which the defendant inflicts great bodily injury on a person other than an accomplice, which has been charged and proved as provided for in Section 12022.7, 12022.8, or 12022.9 on or after July 1, 1977, or as specified prior to July 1, 1977, in Sections 213, 264, and 461, or any felony in which the defendant uses a firearm which use has been charged and proved as provided in subdivision (a) of Section 12022.3, or Section 12022.5 or 12022.55. (9) Any robbery. (10) Arson, in violation of subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 451. (11) Sexual penetration as defined in subdivision (a) or (j) of Section 289. (12) Attempted murder. (13) A violation of Section 18745, 18750, or 18755. (14) Kidnapping. (15) Assault with the intent to commit a specified felony, in violation of Section 220. (16) Continuous sexual abuse of a child, in violation of Section 288.5. (17) Carjacking, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 215. (18) Rape or sexual penetration, in concert, in violation of Section 264.1. (19) Extortion, as defined in Section 518, which would constitute a felony violation of Section 186.22. (20) Threats to victims or witnesses, as defined in Section 136.1, which would constitute a felony violation of Section 186.22. (21) Any burglary of the first degree, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 460, wherein it is charged and proved that another person, other than an accomplice, was present in the residence during the commission of the burglary. (22) Any violation of Section 12022.53. (23) A violation of subdivision (b) or (c) of Section 11418. (24) Rape as defined in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 261, wherein it is pleaded and proved that the defendant caused the intoxication by administering a controlled substance to the victim without their consent and with the intent to sexually assault the victim. (d) For the purposes of this section, the defendant shall be deemed to remain in prison custody for an offense until the official discharge from custody, including any period of mandatory supervision, or until release on parole or postrelease community supervision, whichever occurs first, including any time during which the defendant remains subject to reimprisonment or custody in county jail for escape from custody or is reimprisoned on revocation of parole or postrelease community supervision. The additional penalties provided for prior prison terms shall not be imposed unless they are charged and admitted or found true in the action for the new offense. (e) The additional penalties provided for prior prison terms shall not be imposed for any felony for which the defendant did not serve a prior separate term in state prison or in county jail under subdivision (h) of Section 1170. (f) A prior conviction of a felony shall include a conviction in another jurisdiction for an offense which, if committed in California, is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison or in county jail under subdivision (h) of Section 1170 if the defendant served one year or more in prison for the offense in the other jurisdiction. A prior conviction of a particular felony shall include a conviction in another jurisdiction for an offense that includes all of the elements of the particular felony as defined under California law if the defendant served one year or more in prison for the offense in the other jurisdiction. (g) A prior separate prison term for the purposes of this section shall mean a continuous completed period of prison incarceration imposed for the particular offense alone or in combination with concurrent or consecutive sentences for other crimes, including any reimprisonment on revocation of parole that is not accompanied by a new commitment to prison, and including any reimprisonment after an escape from incarceration. (h) Serving a prison term includes any confinement time in any state prison or federal penal institution as punishment for commission of an offense, including confinement in a hospital or other institution or facility credited as service of prison time in the jurisdiction of the confinement. (i) For the purposes of this section, a commitment to the State Department of Mental Health, or its successor the State Department of State Hospitals, as a mentally disordered sex offender following a conviction of a felony, which commitment exceeds one year in duration, shall be deemed a prior prison term. (j) For the purposes of this section, when a person subject to the custody, control, and discipline of the Secretary of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation is incarcerated at a facility operated by the Division of Juvenile Justice, that incarceration shall be deemed to be a term served in state prison. (k) (1) Notwithstanding subdivisions (d) and (g) or any other law, when one of the new offenses is committed while the defendant is temporarily removed from prison pursuant to Section 2690 or while the defendant is transferred to a community facility pursuant to Section 3416, 6253, or 6263, or while the defendant is on furlough pursuant to Section 6254, the defendant shall be subject to the full enhancements provided for in this section. (2) This subdivision does not apply when a full, separate, and consecutive term is imposed pursuant to any other law.

  • Strafschärfung — der Wert ist ein Zusatzterm, keine Grundstrafe
  • lebenslange-haft
  • todesstrafe

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1

  Kapitel bei leginfo.legislature.ca.gov

• Verbrechen

  Strafschärfung bei wiederholten Sexualstraftaten

  Wer wegen einer der in dieser Vorschrift genannten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen einer solchen Tat verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede Vorverurteilung eine Zusatzstrafe von fünf Jahren. Wer für solche Taten bereits zwei oder mehr Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, erhält je frühere Haftstrafe zehn Jahre. Betreffen mehrere Taten dasselbe Opfer bei derselben Gelegenheit, können volle gesonderte Strafen nacheinander verhängt werden.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag10 Jahre Gefängnis!· dazu bis $20.000

  Cal. Penal Code § 667.6Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.6 — Strafschärfung bei wiederholten SexualstraftatenWortlautzu

  Wer wegen einer der in dieser Vorschrift genannten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen einer solchen Tat verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede Vorverurteilung eine Zusatzstrafe von fünf Jahren. Wer für solche Taten bereits zwei oder mehr Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, erhält je frühere Haftstrafe zehn Jahre. Betreffen mehrere Taten dasselbe Opfer bei derselben Gelegenheit, können volle gesonderte Strafen nacheinander verhängt werden.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Fünf Jahre je einschlägiger Vorverurteilung; zehn Jahre je zuvor verbüsster Haftstrafe wegen einer solchen Tat. Zusätzlich kann das Gericht eine Geldstrafe bis zu 20.000 Dollar verhängen, die dem Opferhilfefonds zufliesst.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (b) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (e) and who has served two or more prior prison terms as defined in Section 667.5 for any of those offenses shall receive a 10-year enhancement for each of those prior terms.

  (f) In addition to any enhancement imposed pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b), the court may also impose a fine not to exceed twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) for anyone sentenced under those provisions. The fine imposed and collected pursuant to this subdivision shall be deposited in the Victim-Witness Assistance Fund to be available for appropriation to fund child sexual exploitation and child sexual abuse victim counseling centers and prevention programs established pursuant to Section 13837. If the court orders a fine to be imposed pursuant to this subdivision, the actual administrative cost of collecting that fine, not to exceed 2 percent of the total amount paid, may be paid into the general fund of the county treasury for the use and benefit of the county.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (e) and who has been convicted previously of any of those offenses shall receive a five-year enhancement for each of those prior convictions. (b) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (e) and who has served two or more prior prison terms as defined in Section 667.5 for any of those offenses shall receive a 10-year enhancement for each of those prior terms. (c) In lieu of the term provided in Section 1170.1, a full, separate, and consecutive term may be imposed for each violation of an offense specified in subdivision (e) if the crimes involve the same victim on the same occasion. A term may be imposed consecutively pursuant to this subdivision if a person is convicted of at least one offense specified in subdivision (e). If the term is imposed consecutively pursuant to this subdivision, it shall be served consecutively to any other term of imprisonment, and shall commence from the time the person otherwise would have been released from imprisonment. The term shall not be included in any determination pursuant to Section 1170.1. Any other term imposed subsequent to that term shall not be merged therein but shall commence at the time the person otherwise would have been released from prison. (d) (1) A full, separate, and consecutive term shall be imposed for each violation of an offense specified in subdivision (e) if the crimes involve separate victims or involve the same victim on separate occasions. (2) In determining whether crimes against a single victim were committed on separate occasions under this subdivision, the court shall consider whether, between the commission of one sex crime and another, the defendant had a reasonable opportunity to reflect upon the defendant’s actions and nevertheless resumed sexually assaultive behavior. Neither the duration of time between crimes, nor whether or not the defendant lost or abandoned the opportunity to attack, shall be, in and of itself, determinative on the issue of whether the crimes in question occurred on separate occasions. (3) The term shall be served consecutively to any other term of imprisonment and shall commence from the time the person otherwise would have been released from imprisonment. The term shall not be included in any determination pursuant to Section 1170.1. Any other term imposed subsequent to that term shall not be merged therein but shall commence at the time the person otherwise would have been released from prison. (e) This section shall apply to the following offenses: (1) Rape, in violation of paragraph (2), (3), (6), or (7) of subdivision (a) of Section 261. (2) Rape, in violation of paragraph (1), (4), or (5) of subdivision (a) of former Section 262. (3) Rape or sexual penetration, in concert, in violation of Section 264.1. (4) Sodomy, in violation of paragraph (2) or (3) of subdivision (c), or subdivision (d) or (k), of Section 286. (5) Lewd or lascivious act, in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 288. (6) Continuous sexual abuse of a child, in violation of Section 288.5. (7) Oral copulation, in violation of paragraph (2) or (3) of subdivision (c), or subdivision (d) or (k), of Section 287 or of former Section 288a. (8) Sexual penetration, in violation of subdivision (a) or (g) of Section 289. (9) As a present offense under subdivision (c) or (d), assault with intent to commit a specified sexual offense, in violation of Section 220. (10) As a prior conviction under subdivision (a) or (b), an offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of an offense specified in this subdivision. (f) In addition to any enhancement imposed pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b), the court may also impose a fine not to exceed twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) for anyone sentenced under those provisions. The fine imposed and collected pursuant to this subdivision shall be deposited in the Victim-Witness Assistance Fund to be available for appropriation to fund child sexual exploitation and child sexual abuse victim counseling centers and prevention programs established pursuant to Section 13837. If the court orders a fine to be imposed pursuant to this subdivision, the actual administrative cost of collecting that fine, not to exceed 2 percent of the total amount paid, may be paid into the general fund of the county treasury for the use and benefit of the county.

  • Strafschärfung — der Wert ist ein Zusatzterm, keine Grundstrafe
  • Einstufung aus der Strafhöhe abgeleitet, nicht aus dem Wortlaut

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $20.000

  Kapitel bei leginfo.legislature.ca.gov

• Verbrechen

  Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe für gefährliche Wiederholungstäter

  Wer wegen eines Verbrechens verurteilt wird, bei dem er eine schwere Körperverletzung zugefügt oder persönlich Gewalt angewendet hat, die eine solche Verletzung erwarten liess, und wer zuvor bereits zwei oder mehr gesonderte Haftstrafen für schwere Gewalt- und Sexualdelikte verbüsst hat, wird als gefährlicher Wiederholungstäter zu einer lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag20 Jahre Gefängnis!

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.7 — Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe für gefährliche WiederholungstäterWortlautzu

  Wer wegen eines Verbrechens verurteilt wird, bei dem er eine schwere Körperverletzung zugefügt oder persönlich Gewalt angewendet hat, die eine solche Verletzung erwarten liess, und wer zuvor bereits zwei oder mehr gesonderte Haftstrafen für schwere Gewalt- und Sexualdelikte verbüsst hat, wird als gefährlicher Wiederholungstäter zu einer lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis. Bei zwei früheren gesonderten Haftstrafen keine Aussetzung zur Bewährung vor 20 Jahren oder vor Ablauf der nach Section 1170, Section 190 oder Section 3046 bestimmten Frist, je nachdem was länger ist.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (1) A person who served two prior separate prison terms shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life and shall not be eligible for release on parole for 20 years, or the term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, or any period prescribed by Section 190 or 3046, whichever is greatest. Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Any person convicted of a felony in which the person inflicted great bodily injury as provided in Section 12022.53 or 12022.7, or personally used force which was likely to produce great bodily injury, who has served two or more prior separate prison terms as defined in Section 667.5 for the crime of murder; attempted murder; voluntary manslaughter; mayhem; rape by force, violence, or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the victim or another person; oral copulation by force, violence, duress, menace, or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the victim or another person; sodomy by force, violence, duress, menace, or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the victim or another person; lewd acts on a child under the age of 14 years by use of force, violence, duress, menace, or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the victim or another person; a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 289 where the act is accomplished against the victim’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace, or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the victim or another person; kidnapping as punished in former subdivision (d) of Section 208, or for ransom, extortion, or robbery; robbery involving the use of force or a deadly weapon; carjacking involving the use of a deadly weapon; assault with intent to commit murder; assault with a deadly weapon; assault with a force likely to produce great bodily injury; assault with intent to commit rape, sodomy, oral copulation, sexual penetration in violation of Section 289, or lewd and lascivious acts on a child; arson of a structure; escape or attempted escape by an inmate with force or violence in violation of subdivision (a) of Section 4530, or of Section 4532; exploding a destructive device with intent to murder in violation of Section 18745; exploding a destructive device which causes bodily injury in violation of Section 18750, or mayhem or great bodily injury in violation of Section 18755; exploding a destructive device with intent to injure, intimidate, or terrify, in violation of Section 18740; any felony in which the person inflicted great bodily injury as provided in Section 12022.53 or 12022.7; or any felony punishable by death or life imprisonment with or without the possibility of parole is a habitual offender and shall be punished as follows: (1) A person who served two prior separate prison terms shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life and shall not be eligible for release on parole for 20 years, or the term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, or any period prescribed by Section 190 or 3046, whichever is greatest. Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall apply to reduce any minimum term in a state prison imposed pursuant to this section, but the person shall not otherwise be released on parole prior to that time. (2) Any person convicted of a felony specified in this subdivision who has served three or more prior separate prison terms, as defined in Section 667.5, for the crimes specified in subdivision (a) of this section shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. (b) This section shall not prevent the imposition of the punishment of death or imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole. No prior prison term shall be used for this determination which was served prior to a period of 10 years in which the person remained free of both prison custody and the commission of an offense which results in a felony conviction. As used in this section, a commitment to the Department of the Youth Authority after conviction for a felony shall constitute a prior prison term. The term imposed under this section shall be imposed only if the prior prison terms are alleged under this section in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by a plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by a trial by the court sitting without a jury.

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• Stufe steht nicht im Gesetz

  Strafschärfung bei Entführung zu einer Sexualstraftat

  Wer wegen einer schweren Sexualstraftat verurteilt wird und das Opfer zum Zweck dieser Tat entführt hat, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe von neun Jahren. War das Opfer bei bestimmten Taten jünger als 14 Jahre, beträgt die Zusatzstrafe 15 Jahre. Für Kindesentziehung durch Sorgeberechtigte gilt die Vorschrift nicht.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag9 bis 15 Jahre Gefängnis!

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.8 — Strafschärfung bei Entführung zu einer SexualstraftatWortlautzu

  Wer wegen einer schweren Sexualstraftat verurteilt wird und das Opfer zum Zweck dieser Tat entführt hat, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe von neun Jahren. War das Opfer bei bestimmten Taten jünger als 14 Jahre, beträgt die Zusatzstrafe 15 Jahre. Für Kindesentziehung durch Sorgeberechtigte gilt die Vorschrift nicht.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Zusätzliche Freiheitsstrafe von neun Jahren; bei Opfern unter 14 Jahren in bestimmten Fällen zusätzliche Freiheitsstrafe von 15 Jahren.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), a person convicted of a felony violation of Section 261, 264.1, 286, 287, or 289 or former Section 262 or 288a who, for the purpose of committing that sexual offense, kidnapped the victim in violation of Section 207 or 209, shall be punished by an additional term of nine years.

  (b) A person convicted of a felony violation of subdivision (c) of Section 286, subdivision (c) of Section 287 or former Section 288a, or Section 288 who, for the purpose of committing that sexual offense, kidnapped the victim, who was under 14 years of age at the time of the offense, in violation of Section 207 or 209, shall be punished by an additional term of 15 years. This subdivision does not apply to conduct proscribed by Section 277, 278, or

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), a person convicted of a felony violation of Section 261, 264.1, 286, 287, or 289 or former Section 262 or 288a who, for the purpose of committing that sexual offense, kidnapped the victim in violation of Section 207 or 209, shall be punished by an additional term of nine years. (b) A person convicted of a felony violation of subdivision (c) of Section 286, subdivision (c) of Section 287 or former Section 288a, or Section 288 who, for the purpose of committing that sexual offense, kidnapped the victim, who was under 14 years of age at the time of the offense, in violation of Section 207 or 209, shall be punished by an additional term of 15 years. This subdivision does not apply to conduct proscribed by Section 277, 278, or 278.5. (c) The following shall govern the imposition of an enhancement pursuant to this section: (1) Only one enhancement shall be imposed for a victim per incident. (2) If there are two or more victims, one enhancement can be imposed for each victim per incident. (3) The enhancement may be in addition to the punishment for either, but not both, of the following: (A) A violation of Section 207 or 209. (B) A violation of the sexual offenses enumerated in this section.

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• Stufe steht nicht im Gesetz

  Strafschärfung beim Zeigen von Missbrauchsdarstellungen

  Ein Erwachsener, der einem Kind vor oder während einer Tat nach § 288 oder § 288.5 Darstellungen zeigt, bei deren Herstellung ein Kind unter 14 Jahren mitgewirkt hat, und der weiss, dass darin ein Kind unter 14 Jahren sexuelle Handlungen vornimmt oder nachahmt, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe. Voraussetzung ist, dass er dabei sexuelle Erregung befriedigen oder das Kind verführen will.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag1 Jahr bis 2 Jahre Gefängnis!

  Cal. Penal Code § 667.15Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.15 — Strafschärfung beim Zeigen von MissbrauchsdarstellungenWortlautzu

  Ein Erwachsener, der einem Kind vor oder während einer Tat nach § 288 oder § 288.5 Darstellungen zeigt, bei deren Herstellung ein Kind unter 14 Jahren mitgewirkt hat, und der weiss, dass darin ein Kind unter 14 Jahren sexuelle Handlungen vornimmt oder nachahmt, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe. Voraussetzung ist, dass er dabei sexuelle Erregung befriedigen oder das Kind verführen will.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Bei einer Tat nach § 288 zusätzlich ein Jahr, bei einer Tat nach § 288.5 zusätzlich zwei Jahre Freiheitsstrafe, jeweils anschliessend an die Strafe für die Haupttat zu verbüssen.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) If convicted of the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288, the adult shall receive an additional term of one year, which punishment shall be imposed in addition and consecutive to the punishment imposed for the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288.

  (b) If convicted of the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288.5, the adult shall receive an additional term of two years, which punishment shall be imposed in addition and consecutive to the punishment imposed for the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288.5.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Any adult who, prior to or during the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288 or 288.5, exhibits to the minor any matter, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 311.11, the production of which involves the use of a person under the age of 14 years, knowing that the matter depicts a person under the age of 14 years personally engaging in or simulating sexual conduct, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 311.4, with the intent of arousing, appealing to, or gratifying the lust, passions, or sexual desires of that person or of the minor, or with the intent, or for the purpose, of seducing the minor, shall be punished for a violation of this section as follows: (a) If convicted of the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288, the adult shall receive an additional term of one year, which punishment shall be imposed in addition and consecutive to the punishment imposed for the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288. (b) If convicted of the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288.5, the adult shall receive an additional term of two years, which punishment shall be imposed in addition and consecutive to the punishment imposed for the commission or attempted commission of a violation of Section 288.5.

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• Verbrechen

  Strafschärfung bei sexuellem Missbrauch von Kindern

  Wer wegen sexuellen Missbrauchs eines Kindes nach § 288 oder § 288.5 verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen einer der aufgezählten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede Vorverurteilung eine Zusatzstrafe von fünf Jahren. Bei zwei oder mehr solchen Vorverurteilungen droht eine Freiheitsstrafe von 15 Jahren bis lebenslang.

  Strafemindestens 15 Jahre Gefängnis!

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.51 — Strafschärfung bei sexuellem Missbrauch von KindernWortlautzu

  Wer wegen sexuellen Missbrauchs eines Kindes nach § 288 oder § 288.5 verurteilt wird und schon früher wegen einer der aufgezählten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wurde, erhält für jede Vorverurteilung eine Zusatzstrafe von fünf Jahren. Bei zwei oder mehr solchen Vorverurteilungen droht eine Freiheitsstrafe von 15 Jahren bis lebenslang.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Fünf Jahre Zusatzstrafe je einschlägiger Vorverurteilung. Bei zwei oder mehr einschlägigen Vorverurteilungen: Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von 15 Jahren bis lebenslang.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (c) A violation of Section 288 or 288.5 by a person who has been previously convicted two or more times of an offense specified in subdivision (b) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years to life.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) A person who is convicted of violating Section 288 or 288.5 shall receive a five-year enhancement for a prior conviction of an offense specified in subdivision (b). (b) Section 261, 264.1, 269, 285, 286, 287, 288, 288.5, or 289, former Section 262 or 288a, or any offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of any of the offenses specified in this subdivision. (c) A violation of Section 288 or 288.5 by a person who has been previously convicted two or more times of an offense specified in subdivision (b) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years to life.

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• Verbrechen

  Erhöhte Strafen bei schweren Sexualstraftaten (One Strike)

  Wer wegen einer der aufgezählten schweren Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wird und dabei bestimmte erschwerende Umstände verwirklicht, erhält eine zeitlich unbestimmte lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe mit hoher Mindestverbüssungsdauer. Wie hoch sie ausfällt, hängt davon ab, welche und wie viele erschwerende Umstände vorliegen und ob das Opfer ein Kind unter 14 Jahren war. Diese Vorschrift ist als One-Strike-Regel bekannt.

  Strafemindestens 15 Jahre Gefängnis!

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.61 — Erhöhte Strafen bei schweren Sexualstraftaten (One Strike)Wortlautzu

  Wer wegen einer der aufgezählten schweren Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wird und dabei bestimmte erschwerende Umstände verwirklicht, erhält eine zeitlich unbestimmte lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe mit hoher Mindestverbüssungsdauer. Wie hoch sie ausfällt, hängt davon ab, welche und wie viele erschwerende Umstände vorliegen und ob das Opfer ein Kind unter 14 Jahren war. Diese Vorschrift ist als One-Strike-Regel bekannt.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Bei einem erschwerenden Umstand nach Buchstabe d oder bei zwei oder mehr Umständen nach Buchstabe e: Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von 25 Jahren bis lebenslang. Bei einem erschwerenden Umstand nach Buchstabe e: Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von 15 Jahren bis lebenslang.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (j), (l), or (m), a person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  (b) Except as provided in subdivision (a), (j), (l), or (m), a person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years to life.

  (j) (1) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c), with the exception of a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 288, upon a victim who is a child under 14 years of age under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. Where the person was under 18 years of age at the time of the offense, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  (2) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), upon a victim who is a child under 14 years of age, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  (l) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (n) under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), upon a victim who is a minor 14 years of age or older shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. If the person who was convicted was under 18 years of age at the time of the offense, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  (m) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (n) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) against a minor 14 years of age or older shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (j), (l), or (m), a person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (b) Except as provided in subdivision (a), (j), (l), or (m), a person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years to life. (c) This section shall apply to any of the following offenses: (1) Rape, in violation of paragraph (2) or (6) of subdivision (a) of Section 261. (2) Rape, in violation of paragraph (1) or (4) of subdivision (a) of former Section 262. (3) Rape or sexual penetration, in concert, in violation of Section 264.1. (4) Lewd or lascivious act, in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 288. (5) Sexual penetration, in violation of subdivision (a) of Section 289. (6) Sodomy, in violation of paragraph (2) or (3) of subdivision (c), or subdivision (d), of Section 286. (7) Oral copulation, in violation of paragraph (2) or (3) of subdivision (c), or subdivision (d), of Section 287 or former Section 288a. (8) Lewd or lascivious act, in violation of subdivision (a) of Section 288. (9) Continuous sexual abuse of a child, in violation of Section 288.5. (d) The following circumstances shall apply to the offenses specified in subdivision (c): (1) The defendant has been previously convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c), including an offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of an offense specified in subdivision (c). (2) The defendant kidnapped the victim of the present offense and the movement of the victim substantially increased the risk of harm to the victim over and above that level of risk necessarily inherent in the underlying offense in subdivision (c). (3) The defendant inflicted aggravated mayhem or torture on the victim or another person in the commission of the present offense in violation of Section 205 or 206. (4) The defendant committed the present offense during the commission of a burglary of the first degree, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 460, with intent to commit an offense specified in subdivision (c). (5) The defendant committed the present offense in violation of Section 264.1, subdivision (d) of Section 286, or subdivision (d) of Section 287 or former Section 288a, and, in the commission of that offense, any person committed any act described in paragraph (2), (3), or (4) of this subdivision. (6) The defendant personally inflicted great bodily injury on the victim or another person in the commission of the present offense in violation of Section 12022.53, 12022.7, or 12022.8. (7) The defendant personally inflicted bodily harm on the victim who was under 14 years of age. (e) The following circumstances shall apply to the offenses specified in subdivision (c): (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of subdivision (d), the defendant kidnapped the victim of the present offense in violation of Section 207, 209, or 209.5. (2) Except as provided in paragraph (4) of subdivision (d), the defendant committed the present offense during the commission of a burglary in violation of Section 459. (3) The defendant personally used a dangerous or deadly weapon or a firearm in the commission of the present offense in violation of Section 12022, 12022.3, 12022.5, or 12022.53. (4) The defendant has been convicted in the present case or cases of committing an offense specified in subdivision (c) against more than one victim. (5) The defendant engaged in the tying or binding of the victim or another person in the commission of the present offense. (6) The defendant administered a controlled substance to the victim in the commission of the present offense in violation of Section 12022.75. (7) The defendant committed the present offense in violation of Section 264.1, subdivision (d) of Section 286, or subdivision (d) of Section 287 or former Section 288a, and, in the commission of that offense, any person committed an act described in paragraph (1), (2), (3), (5), or (6) of this subdivision or paragraph (6) of subdivision (d). (f) If only the minimum number of circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or (e) that are required for the punishment provided in subdivision (a), (b), (j), (l), or (m) to apply have been pled and proved, that circumstance or those circumstances shall be used as the basis for imposing the term provided in subdivision (a), (b), (j), (l), or (m) whichever is greater, rather than being used to impose the punishment authorized under any other law, unless another law provides for a greater penalty or the punishment under another law can be imposed in addition to the punishment provided by this section. However, if any additional circumstance or circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or (e) have been pled and proved, the minimum number of circumstances shall be used as the basis for imposing the term provided in subdivision (a), (j), or (l) and any other additional circumstance or circumstances shall be used to impose any punishment or enhancement authorized under any other law. (g) Notwithstanding Section 1385 or any other law, the court shall not strike any allegation, admission, or finding of any of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or (e) for any person who is subject to punishment under this section. (h) Notwithstanding any other law, probation shall not be granted to, nor shall the execution or imposition of sentence be suspended for, a person who is subject to punishment under this section. (i) For any offense specified in paragraphs (1) to (7), inclusive, of subdivision (c), or in paragraphs (1) to (6), inclusive, of subdivision (n), the court shall impose a consecutive sentence for each offense that results in a conviction under this section if the crimes involve separate victims or involve the same victim on separate occasions as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 667.6. (j) (1) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c), with the exception of a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 288, upon a victim who is a child under 14 years of age under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. Where the person was under 18 years of age at the time of the offense, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (2) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (c) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), upon a victim who is a child under 14 years of age, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (k) As used in this section, “bodily harm” means any substantial physical injury resulting from the use of force that is more than the force necessary to commit an offense specified in subdivision (c). (l) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (n) under one or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (d) or under two or more of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e), upon a victim who is a minor 14 years of age or older shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life without the possibility of parole. If the person who was convicted was under 18 years of age at the time of the offense, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (m) A person who is convicted of an offense specified in subdivision (n) under one of the circumstances specified in subdivision (e) against a minor 14 years of age or older shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (n) Subdivisions (l) and (m) shall apply to any of the following offenses: (1) Rape, in violation of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 261. (2) Rape, in violation of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of former Section 262. (3) Rape or sexual penetration, in concert, in violation of Section 264.1. (4) Sexual penetration, in violation of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 289. (5) Sodomy, in violation of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 286, or in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 286. (6) Oral copulation, in violation of paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 287 or former Section 288a, or in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 287 or former Section 288a. (o) The penalties provided in this section shall apply only if the existence of any circumstance specified in subdivision (d) or (e) is alleged in the accusatory pleading pursuant to this section, and is either admitted by the defendant in open court or found to be true by the trier of fact.

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• Verbrechen

  Gewohnheitsmässige Sexualstraftäter

  Als gewohnheitsmässiger Sexualstraftäter gilt, wer schon früher wegen einer der aufgezählten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wurde und im laufenden Verfahren erneut wegen einer solchen Tat verurteilt wird. Erfasst sind unter anderem Vergewaltigung, Vergewaltigung in Gemeinschaft und sexueller Missbrauch von Kindern.

  Strafemindestens 25 Jahre Gefängnis!

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.71 — Gewohnheitsmässige SexualstraftäterWortlautzu

  Als gewohnheitsmässiger Sexualstraftäter gilt, wer schon früher wegen einer der aufgezählten Sexualstraftaten verurteilt wurde und im laufenden Verfahren erneut wegen einer solchen Tat verurteilt wird. Erfasst sind unter anderem Vergewaltigung, Vergewaltigung in Gemeinschaft und sexueller Missbrauch von Kindern.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von 25 Jahren bis lebenslang.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (b) A habitual sexual offender shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) For the purpose of this section, a habitual sexual offender is a person who has been previously convicted of one or more of the offenses specified in subdivision (c) and who is convicted in the present proceeding of one of those offenses. (b) A habitual sexual offender shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 25 years to life. (c) This section shall apply to any of the following offenses: (1) Rape, in violation of paragraph (2) or (6) of subdivision (a) of Section 261. (2) Rape, in violation of paragraph (1) or (4) of subdivision (a) of former Section 262. (3) Rape or sexual penetration, in concert, in violation of Section 264.1. (4) Lewd or lascivious act, in violation of subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 288. (5) Sexual penetration, in violation of subdivision (a) or (j) of Section 289. (6) Continuous sexual abuse of a child, in violation of Section 288.5. (7) Sodomy, in violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of Section 286. (8) Oral copulation, in violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of Section 287 or of former Section 288a. (9) Kidnapping, in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 207. (10) Kidnapping, in violation of former subdivision (d) of Section 208 (kidnapping to commit specified sex offenses). (11) Kidnapping, in violation of subdivision (b) of Section 209 with the intent to commit a specified sexual offense. (12) Aggravated sexual assault of a child, in violation of Section 269. (13) An offense committed in another jurisdiction that includes all of the elements of an offense specified in this subdivision. (d) Notwithstanding Section 1385 or any other law, the court shall not strike any allegation, admission, or finding of any prior conviction specified in subdivision (c) for a person who is subject to punishment under this section. (e) Notwithstanding any other law, probation shall not be granted to, nor shall the execution or imposition of sentence be suspended for, a person who is subject to punishment under this section. (f) This section shall apply only if the defendant’s status as a habitual sexual offender is alleged in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the trier of fact.

  • lebenslange-haft

  Nebenfolgen: Bewährung

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1

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• Verbrechen

  Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe bei wiederholten Drogendelikten mit Minderjährigen

  Wer wegen bestimmter Drogendelikte des Gesundheitsgesetzes verurteilt wird, insbesondere solcher, die Minderjährige einbeziehen, und dafür schon zwei oder mehr gesonderte Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, kann zu einer lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt werden.

  Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.

  Zuschlag17 Jahre Gefängnis!

  Cal. Penal Code § 667.75Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.75 — Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe bei wiederholten Drogendelikten mit MinderjährigenWortlautzu

  Wer wegen bestimmter Drogendelikte des Gesundheitsgesetzes verurteilt wird, insbesondere solcher, die Minderjährige einbeziehen, und dafür schon zwei oder mehr gesonderte Haftstrafen verbüsst hat, kann zu einer lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt werden.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis auf Lebenszeit ohne Aussetzung zur Bewährung vor 17 Jahren oder vor Ablauf der nach Section 1170 bestimmten Strafe, je nachdem was länger ist.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  Any person convicted of a violation of Section 11353, 11353.5, 11361, 11380, or 11380.5 of the Health and Safety Code who has previously served two or more prior separate prison terms, as defined in Section 667.5, for a violation of Section 11353, 11353.5, 11361, 11380, or 11380.5 of the Health and Safety Code, may be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life and shall not be eligible for release on parole for 17 years, or the term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, whichever is greatest. The provisions of Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall apply to reduce any minimum term in a state prison imposed pursuant to this section, but the person shall not otherwise be released on parole prior to that time. No prior prison term shall be used for this determination which was served prior to a period of 10 years in which the person remained free of both prison custody and the commission of an offense which results in a felony conviction. As used in this section, a commitment to the Department of the Youth Authority after conviction for a felony shall constitute a prior prison term. The term imposed under this section shall be imposed only if the prior prison terms are alleged under this section in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by a plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by a trial by the court sitting without a jury.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Any person convicted of a violation of Section 11353, 11353.5, 11361, 11380, or 11380.5 of the Health and Safety Code who has previously served two or more prior separate prison terms, as defined in Section 667.5, for a violation of Section 11353, 11353.5, 11361, 11380, or 11380.5 of the Health and Safety Code, may be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life and shall not be eligible for release on parole for 17 years, or the term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, whichever is greatest. The provisions of Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall apply to reduce any minimum term in a state prison imposed pursuant to this section, but the person shall not otherwise be released on parole prior to that time. No prior prison term shall be used for this determination which was served prior to a period of 10 years in which the person remained free of both prison custody and the commission of an offense which results in a felony conviction. As used in this section, a commitment to the Department of the Youth Authority after conviction for a felony shall constitute a prior prison term. The term imposed under this section shall be imposed only if the prior prison terms are alleged under this section in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by a plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by a trial by the court sitting without a jury.

  • Strafschärfung — der Wert ist ein Zusatzterm, keine Grundstrafe
  • lebenslange-haft
  • Einstufung aus der Strafhöhe abgeleitet, nicht aus dem Wortlaut

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1

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• Verbrechen

  Strafschärfung bei Entführung eines Kindes zur dauerhaften Entziehung

  Wer wegen Entführung nach § 207 oder § 209 verurteilt wird und dabei ein Kind unter 14 Jahren entführt oder weggeführt hat, um es den Eltern oder dem Vormund dauerhaft zu entziehen, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe.

  Strafe5 Jahre Gefängnis!

  Cal. Penal Code § 667.85Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

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  Cal. Penal Code § 667.85 — Strafschärfung bei Entführung eines Kindes zur dauerhaften EntziehungWortlautzu

  Wer wegen Entführung nach § 207 oder § 209 verurteilt wird und dabei ein Kind unter 14 Jahren entführt oder weggeführt hat, um es den Eltern oder dem Vormund dauerhaft zu entziehen, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Zusätzliche Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von fünf Jahren.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  Any person convicted of a violation of Section 207 or 209, who kidnapped or carried away any child under the age of 14 years with the intent to permanently deprive the parent or legal guardian custody of that child, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for an additional five years.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  Any person convicted of a violation of Section 207 or 209, who kidnapped or carried away any child under the age of 14 years with the intent to permanently deprive the parent or legal guardian custody of that child, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for an additional five years.

  Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1

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• Vergehen oder Verbrechen

  Beteiligung an einer kriminellen Bande und Bandenzuschlag

  Wer sich aktiv an einer kriminellen Straßenbande beteiligt, obwohl er weiß, dass deren Mitglieder ein Muster krimineller Bandenaktivität verfolgen, und wer vorsätzlich strafbares Verhalten von Bandenmitgliedern fördert oder unterstützt, macht sich strafbar. Zusätzlich sieht die Vorschrift eine Straferhöhung für Verbrechen vor, die zugunsten, auf Anweisung oder in Verbindung mit einer solchen Bande begangen werden.

  Strafelebenslanges Gefängnis möglich

  Cal. Penal Code § 186.22Mehr dazuschliessenHinzufügen

  Die 3 Strafrahmen im Gesetz

  Beteiligung: Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefä…16 Monate·2 Jahre·3 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger

  Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „16 Monate · 2 Jahre · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.

  • Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
  • Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss über jeden vernünftigen Zweifel hinaus bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
  • Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.

  Im Gesetz: „16 months, or two or three years“

  Straferhöhung: grundsätzlich zusätzlich2·3·4 Jahreweniger

  Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „2 · 3 · 4 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.

  • Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
  • Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss über jeden vernünftigen Zweifel hinaus bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
  • Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.

  Im Gesetz: „two, three, or four years“

  Fall 31·2·3 Jahreweniger

  Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „1 · 2 · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.

  • Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
  • Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss über jeden vernünftigen Zweifel hinaus bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
  • Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.

  Im Gesetz: „one, two, or three years“

  Zitat kopieren

  Cal. Penal Code § 186.22 — Beteiligung an einer kriminellen Bande und BandenzuschlagWortlautzu

  Wer sich aktiv an einer kriminellen Straßenbande beteiligt, obwohl er weiß, dass deren Mitglieder ein Muster krimineller Bandenaktivität verfolgen, und wer vorsätzlich strafbares Verhalten von Bandenmitgliedern fördert oder unterstützt, macht sich strafbar. Zusätzlich sieht die Vorschrift eine Straferhöhung für Verbrechen vor, die zugunsten, auf Anweisung oder in Verbindung mit einer solchen Bande begangen werden.

  Strafe auf Deutsch — Arbeitsübersetzung

  Beteiligung: Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Freiheitsstrafe im Staatsgefängnis von 16 Monaten, zwei oder drei Jahren. Straferhöhung: grundsätzlich zusätzlich zwei, drei oder vier Jahre nach Ermessen des Gerichts; bei einem schweren Verbrechen im Sinne von Section 1192.7 Buchstabe c zusätzlich fünf Jahre; bei einem Gewaltverbrechen im Sinne von Section 667.5 Buchstabe c zusätzlich zehn Jahre.

  Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)

  (a) A person who actively participates in a criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in, or have engaged in, a pattern of criminal gang activity, and who willfully promotes, furthers, or assists in felonious criminal conduct by members of that gang, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for a period not to exceed one year, or by imprisonment in the state prison for 16 months, or two or three years.

  (A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the person shall be punished by an additional term of two, three, or four years at the court’s discretion.

  (B) If the felony is a serious felony, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7, the person shall be punished by an additional term of five years.

  (C) If the felony is a violent felony, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5, the person shall be punished by an additional term of 10 years.

  (4) A person who is convicted of a felony enumerated in this paragraph committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in criminal conduct by gang members, shall, upon conviction of that felony, be sentenced to an indeterminate term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of the indeterminate sentence calculated as the greater of:

  (B) Imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years, if the felony is a home invasion robbery, in violation of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 213; carjacking, as defined in Section 215; a felony violation of Section 246; or a violation of Section 12022.55.

  Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)

  (a) A person who actively participates in a criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in, or have engaged in, a pattern of criminal gang activity, and who willfully promotes, furthers, or assists in felonious criminal conduct by members of that gang, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for a period not to exceed one year, or by imprisonment in the state prison for 16 months, or two or three years. (b) (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (4) and (5), a person who is convicted of a felony committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in criminal conduct by gang members, shall, upon conviction of that felony, in addition and consecutive to the punishment prescribed for the felony or attempted felony of which the person has been convicted, be punished as follows: (A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the person shall be punished by an additional term of two, three, or four years at the court’s discretion. (B) If the felony is a serious felony, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7, the person shall be punished by an additional term of five years. (C) If the felony is a violent felony, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5, the person shall be punished by an additional term of 10 years. (2) If the underlying felony described in paragraph (1) is committed on the grounds of, or within 1,000 feet of, a public or private elementary, vocational, junior high, or high school, during hours in which the facility is open for classes or school-related programs or when minors are using the facility, that fact shall be a circumstance in aggravation of the crime in imposing a term under paragraph (1). (3) The court shall order the imposition of the middle term of the sentence enhancement, unless there are circumstances in aggravation or mitigation. The court shall state the reasons for its choice of sentencing enhancements on the record at the time of the sentencing. (4) A person who is convicted of a felony enumerated in this paragraph committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in criminal conduct by gang members, shall, upon conviction of that felony, be sentenced to an indeterminate term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of the indeterminate sentence calculated as the greater of: (A) The term determined by the court pursuant to Section 1170 for the underlying conviction, including any enhancement applicable under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 1170) of Title 7 of Part 2, or any period prescribed by Section 3046, if the felony is any of the offenses enumerated in subparagraph (B) or (C) of this paragraph. (B) Imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years, if the felony is a home invasion robbery, in violation of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 213; carjacking, as defined in Section 215; a felony violation of Section 246; or a violation of Section 12022.55. (C) Imprisonment in the state prison for seven years, if the felony is extortion, as defined in Section 519; or threats to victims and witnesses, as defined in Section 136.1. (5) Except as provided in paragraph (4), a person who violates this subdivision in the commission of a felony punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for life shall not be paroled until a minimum of 15 calendar years have been served. (c) If the court grants probation or suspends the execution of sentence imposed upon the defendant for a violation of subdivision (a), or in cases involving a true finding of the enhancement enumerated in subdivision (b), the court shall require that the defendant serve a minimum of 180 days in a county jail as a condition thereof. (d) A person who is convicted of a public offense, punishable as a felony or a misdemeanor, that is committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with, a criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in criminal conduct by gang members, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed one year, or by imprisonment in a state prison for one, two, or three years, provided that a person sentenced to imprisonment in the county jail shall be imprisoned for a period not to exceed one year, but not less than 180 days, and shall not be eligible for release upon completion of sentence, parole, or any other basis, until the person has served 180 days. If the court grants probation or suspends the execution of sentence imposed upon the defendant, it shall require as a condition thereof that the defendant serve 180 days in a county jail. (e) (1) As used in this chapter, “pattern of criminal gang activity” means the commission of, attempted commission of, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of, sustained juvenile petition for, or conviction of, two or more of the following offenses, provided at least one of these offenses occurred after the effective date of this chapter, and the last of those offenses occurred within three years of the prior offense and within three years of the date the current offense is alleged to have been committed, the offenses were committed on separate occasions or by two or more members, the offenses commonly benefited a criminal street gang, and the common benefit from the offenses is more than reputational: (A) Assault with a deadly weapon or by means of force likely to produce great bodily injury, as defined in Section 245. (B) Robbery, as defined in Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 211) of Title 8. (C) Unlawful homicide or manslaughter, as defined in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 187) of Title 8. (D) The sale, possession for sale, transportation, manufacture, offer for sale, or offer to manufacture a controlled substance as defined in Section 11007 of the Health and Safety Code. (E) Shooting at an inhabited dwelling or occupied motor vehicle, as defined in Section 246. (F) Discharging or permitting the discharge of a firearm from a motor vehicle, as defined in subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 12034 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26100. (G) Arson, as defined in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 450) of Title 13. (H) The intimidation of witnesses and victims, as defined in Section 136.1. (I) Grand theft, as defined in subdivision (a) or (c) of Section 487. (J) Grand theft of any firearm, vehicle, trailer, or vessel. (K) Burglary, as defined in Section 459. (L) Rape, as defined in Section 261. (M) Money laundering, as defined in Section 186.10. (N) Kidnapping, as defined in Section 207. (O) Mayhem, as defined in Section 203. (P) Aggravated mayhem, as defined in Section 205. (Q) Torture, as defined in Section 206. (R) Felony extortion, as defined in Sections 518 and 520. (S) Carjacking, as defined in Section 215. (T) The sale, delivery, or transfer of a firearm, as defined in Section 12072 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, Article 1 (commencing with Section 27500) of Chapter 4 of Division 6 of Title 4 of Part 6. (U) Possession of a pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person in violation of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 12101 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, Section 29610. (V) Threats to commit crimes resulting in death or great bodily injury, as defined in Section 422. (W) Theft and unlawful taking or driving of a vehicle, as defined in Section 10851 of the Vehicle Code. (X) Prohibited possession of a firearm in violation of Section 12021 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 29800) of Division 9 of Title 4 of Part 6. (Y) Carrying a concealed firearm in violation of Section 12025 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, Section 25400. (Z) Carrying a loaded firearm in violation of Section 12031 until January 1, 2012, and, on or after that date, Section 25850. (2) The currently charged offense shall not be used to establish the pattern of criminal gang activity. (f) As used in this chapter, “criminal street gang” means an ongoing, organized association or group of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more of the criminal acts enumerated in subdivision (e), having a common name or common identifying sign or symbol, and whose members collectively engage in, or have engaged in, a pattern of criminal gang activity. (g) As used in this chapter, to benefit, promote, further, or assist means to provide a common benefit to members of a gang where the common benefit is more than reputational. Examples of a common benefit that are more than reputational may include, but are not limited to, financial gain or motivation, retaliation, targeting a perceived or actual gang rival, or intimidation or silencing of a potential current or previous witness or informant. (h) Notwithstanding any other law, the court may strike the additional punishment for the enhancements provided in this section or refuse to impose the minimum jail sentence for misdemeanors in an unusual case where the interests of justice would best be served, if the court specifies on the record and enters into the minutes the circumstances indicating that the interests of justice would best be served by that disposition. (i) Notwithstanding any other law, for each person committed to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, Division of Juvenile Facilities for a conviction pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b) of this section, the offense shall be deemed one for which the state shall pay the rate of 100 percent of the per capita institutional cost of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, Division of Juvenile Facilities, pursuant to former Section 912.5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (j) In order to secure a conviction or sustain a juvenile petition, pursuant to subdivision (a) it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the person devotes all, or a substantial part, of their time or efforts to the criminal street gang, nor is it necessary to prove that the person is a member of the criminal street gang. Active participation in the criminal street gang is all that is required. (k) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2023.

  Nebenfolgen: Waffenverbot

  Straftaten gegen die Rechtspflege · Teil 1

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