Department of Justice
Welche Paragraphen gelten?
Sagen Sie, was passiert ist — und Sie bekommen die Paragraphen des kalifornischen Gesetzes, die dafür gelten. Jeden mit Fundstelle zum Kopieren.
1Was ist passiert?
Schreiben Sie in eigenen Worten, was passiert ist. Ganze Sätze sind richtig; steckt mehr als eine Tat darin, werden sie getrennt. Ein Stichwort geht genauso — „Raub“, „Einbruch“, „211“.
90 Taten gefunden · Seite 5 von 8
Wegnahme von Wertsachen von einem Leichnam
Wer absichtlich und böswillig Wertgegenstände von einem menschlichen Leichnam entfernt, behält und für sich verwendet, macht sich strafbar. Ob die Tat als geringfügiger Diebstahl oder als schwerer Diebstahl behandelt wird, richtet sich nach dem Wert der Sachen. Nicht erfasst ist die Entnahme auf Anordnung der gesetzlich dazu berufenen Personen.
Strafebis zu 6 Monate oder bis $1.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 642 — Wegnahme von Wertsachen von einem LeichnamWortlautzu
Wer absichtlich und böswillig Wertgegenstände von einem menschlichen Leichnam entfernt, behält und für sich verwendet, macht sich strafbar. Ob die Tat als geringfügiger Diebstahl oder als schwerer Diebstahl behandelt wird, richtet sich nach dem Wert der Sachen. Nicht erfasst ist die Entnahme auf Anordnung der gesetzlich dazu berufenen Personen.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Vergehen (misdemeanor), wenn die Wegnahme nur ein geringfügiger Diebstahl wäre; Verbrechen (felony), wenn sie ein schwerer Diebstahl wäre. Der Paragraf selbst nennt kein Strafmaß.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
guilty of a misdemeanor
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Every person who wilfully and maliciously removes and keeps possession of and appropriates for his own use articles of value from a dead human body, the theft of which articles would be petty theft is guilty of a misdemeanor, or if the theft of the articles would be grand theft, a felony. This section shall not apply to articles removed at the request or direction of one of the persons enumerated in section 7111 of the Health and Safety Code.
Kein eigenes Strafmaß im Text. Dann gilt Cal. Penal Code § 19: bis 6 Monate Haft oder bis $1.000 — diese Zahlen stehen dort, nicht hier.
Sonstige Straftaten · Teil 1
Erneuter Fahrzeugdiebstahl nach einschlägiger Vorstrafe
Wer bereits wegen eines Fahrzeugdiebstahls nach dem Fahrzeuggesetz, wegen schweren Diebstahls an einem Auto, Kraftfahrzeug, Anhänger, an Baumaschinen oder einem Boot oder wegen Hehlerei mit Fahrzeugteilen als Verbrechen verurteilt wurde und erneut wegen einer dieser Taten verurteilt wird, wird härter bestraft. Auf eine tatsächlich verbüsste frühere Haftstrafe kommt es nicht an.
Strafenormalerweise 3 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu $10.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
2·3·4 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „2 · 3 · 4 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „two, three, or four years“
Cal. Penal Code § 666.5 — Erneuter Fahrzeugdiebstahl nach einschlägiger VorstrafeWortlautzu
Wer bereits wegen eines Fahrzeugdiebstahls nach dem Fahrzeuggesetz, wegen schweren Diebstahls an einem Auto, Kraftfahrzeug, Anhänger, an Baumaschinen oder einem Boot oder wegen Hehlerei mit Fahrzeugteilen als Verbrechen verurteilt wurde und erneut wegen einer dieser Taten verurteilt wird, wird härter bestraft. Auf eine tatsächlich verbüsste frühere Haftstrafe kommt es nicht an.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Als Verbrechen (felony) strafbar mit erhöhter Freiheitsstrafe.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Every person who, having been previously convicted of a felony violation of Section 10851 of the Vehicle Code, or felony grand theft involving an automobile in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 487 or former subdivision (3) of Section 487, as that section read prior to being amended by Section 4 of Chapter 1125 of the Statutes of 1993, or felony grand theft involving a motor vehicle, as defined in Section 415 of the Vehicle Code, any trailer, as defined in Section 630 of the Vehicle Code, any special construction equipment, as defined in Section 565 of the Vehicle Code, or any vessel, as defined in Section 21 of the Harbors and Navigation Code in violation of former Section 487h, or a felony violation of Section 496d regardless of whether or not the person actually served a prior prison term for those offenses, is subsequently convicted of any of these offenses shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years, or a fine of ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both the fine and the imprisonment.
2 , 3 , or 4 years
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Every person who, having been previously convicted of a felony violation of Section 10851 of the Vehicle Code, or felony grand theft involving an automobile in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 487 or former subdivision (3) of Section 487, as that section read prior to being amended by Section 4 of Chapter 1125 of the Statutes of 1993, or felony grand theft involving a motor vehicle, as defined in Section 415 of the Vehicle Code, any trailer, as defined in Section 630 of the Vehicle Code, any special construction equipment, as defined in Section 565 of the Vehicle Code, or any vessel, as defined in Section 21 of the Harbors and Navigation Code in violation of former Section 487h, or a felony violation of Section 496d regardless of whether or not the person actually served a prior prison term for those offenses, is subsequently convicted of any of these offenses shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years, or a fine of ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both the fine and the imprisonment. (b) For the purposes of this section, the terms “special construction equipment” and “vessel” are limited to motorized vehicles and vessels. (c) The existence of any fact which would bring a person under subdivision (a) shall be alleged in the information or indictment and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by trial by the court sitting without a jury.
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
Allgemeine Vorschriften · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe $10.000
Unbefugte Fahrzeugnutzung (Autodiebstahl)
Verboten ist, ein fremdes Fahrzeug ohne Einwilligung des Eigentümers zu fahren oder wegzunehmen, wenn man ihm den Besitz entziehen will — dauerhaft oder auch nur vorübergehend. Auf eine Zueignungsabsicht kommt es ausdrücklich nicht an: Wer den Wagen nur „ausleihen“ wollte, macht sich ebenso strafbar. Strafbar sind auch Beteiligte, Gehilfen und Mitfahrer, die daran mitwirken. Das ist der Paragraph, der in Kalifornien den Autodiebstahl im Alltag erfasst.
Strafebis zu 1 Jahr Gefängnis· dazu bis $5.000
Cal. Veh. Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Veh. Code § 10851 — Unbefugte Fahrzeugnutzung (Autodiebstahl)Wortlautzu
Verboten ist, ein fremdes Fahrzeug ohne Einwilligung des Eigentümers zu fahren oder wegzunehmen, wenn man ihm den Besitz entziehen will — dauerhaft oder auch nur vorübergehend. Auf eine Zueignungsabsicht kommt es ausdrücklich nicht an: Wer den Wagen nur „ausleihen“ wollte, macht sich ebenso strafbar. Strafbar sind auch Beteiligte, Gehilfen und Mitfahrer, die daran mitwirken. Das ist der Paragraph, der in Kalifornien den Autodiebstahl im Alltag erfasst.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Bis zu einem Jahr Gefängnis im County Jail oder Freiheitsstrafe nach § 1170 Buchstabe h des Penal Code, oder Geldstrafe bis 5.000 US-Dollar, oder beides. Bei Rettungs-, Polizei- und Behindertenfahrzeugen sieht Absatz b einen erhöhten Rahmen von zwei bis vier Jahren und bis zu 10.000 US-Dollar vor.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Any person who drives or takes a vehicle not his or her own, without the consent of the owner thereof, and with intent either to permanently or temporarily deprive the owner thereof of his or her title to or possession of the vehicle, whether with or without intent to steal the vehicle, or any person who is a party or an accessory to or an accomplice in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, is guilty of a public offense and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code or by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment.
(b) If the vehicle is (1) an ambulance, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 165, (2) a distinctively marked vehicle of a law enforcement agency or fire department, taken while the ambulance or vehicle is on an emergency call and this fact is known to the person driving or taking, or any person who is party or an accessory to or an accomplice in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, or (3) a vehicle which has been modified for the use of a disabled veteran or any other disabled person and which displays a distinguishing license plate or placard issued pursuant to Section 22511.5 or 22511.9 and this fact is known or should reasonably have been known to the person driving or taking, or any person who is party or an accessory in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, the offense is a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code for two, three, or four years or by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment.
(e) Any person who has been convicted of one or more previous felony violations of this section, or felony grand theft of a vehicle in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 487 of the Penal Code, former subdivision (3) of Section 487 of the Penal Code, as that section read prior to being amended by Section 4 of Chapter 1125 of the Statutes of 1993, or Section 487h of the Penal Code, is punishable as set forth in Section 666.5 of the Penal Code. The existence of any fact that would bring a person under Section 666.5 of the Penal Code shall be alleged in the information or indictment and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by plea of guilty or nolo contendere, or by trial by the court sitting without a jury.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any person who drives or takes a vehicle not his or her own, without the consent of the owner thereof, and with intent either to permanently or temporarily deprive the owner thereof of his or her title to or possession of the vehicle, whether with or without intent to steal the vehicle, or any person who is a party or an accessory to or an accomplice in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, is guilty of a public offense and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code or by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment. (b) If the vehicle is (1) an ambulance, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 165, (2) a distinctively marked vehicle of a law enforcement agency or fire department, taken while the ambulance or vehicle is on an emergency call and this fact is known to the person driving or taking, or any person who is party or an accessory to or an accomplice in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, or (3) a vehicle which has been modified for the use of a disabled veteran or any other disabled person and which displays a distinguishing license plate or placard issued pursuant to Section 22511.5 or 22511.9 and this fact is known or should reasonably have been known to the person driving or taking, or any person who is party or an accessory in the driving or unauthorized taking or stealing, the offense is a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code for two, three, or four years or by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment. (c) In any prosecution for a violation of subdivision (a) or (b), the consent of the owner of a vehicle to its taking or driving shall not in any case be presumed or implied because of the owner’s consent on a previous occasion to the taking or driving of the vehicle by the same or a different person. (d) The existence of any fact which makes subdivision (b) applicable shall be alleged in the accusatory pleading, and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by plea of guilty or nolo contendere or by trial by the court sitting without a jury. (e) Any person who has been convicted of one or more previous felony violations of this section, or felony grand theft of a vehicle in violation of subdivision (d) of Section 487 of the Penal Code, former subdivision (3) of Section 487 of the Penal Code, as that section read prior to being amended by Section 4 of Chapter 1125 of the Statutes of 1993, or Section 487h of the Penal Code, is punishable as set forth in Section 666.5 of the Penal Code. The existence of any fact that would bring a person under Section 666.5 of the Penal Code shall be alleged in the information or indictment and either admitted by the defendant in open court, or found to be true by the jury trying the issue of guilt or by the court where guilt is established by plea of guilty or nolo contendere, or by trial by the court sitting without a jury. (f) This section shall become operative on January 1, 1997.
Fahrzeugdiebstahl · Teil 4 · Geldstrafe bis $5.000
Gebrauchten Katalysator angekauft (Kat-Hehlerei)
Verboten ist, einen gebrauchten Katalysator zu kaufen — auch zum Zerlegen, Recyceln oder Einschmelzen —, wenn der Verkäufer nicht zu den im Gesetz aufgezählten Stellen gehört. Erlaubt ist der Kauf nur von zugelassenen Verwertern, eingetragenen Altteilehändlern mit festem Geschäftssitz, Herstellern und Händlern, zugelassenen Werkstätten, sonstigen zugelassenen Betrieben, die solche Teile üblicherweise haben, sowie von Privatleuten, die durch Fahrzeugbrief oder Zulassung belegen, dass sie Eigentümer des Fahrzeugs sind, dessen eingravierte Fahrgestellnummer auf dem Katalysator steht.
Strafe$1.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Veh. Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Veh. Code § 10852.5 — Gebrauchten Katalysator angekauft (Kat-Hehlerei)Wortlautzu
Verboten ist, einen gebrauchten Katalysator zu kaufen — auch zum Zerlegen, Recyceln oder Einschmelzen —, wenn der Verkäufer nicht zu den im Gesetz aufgezählten Stellen gehört. Erlaubt ist der Kauf nur von zugelassenen Verwertern, eingetragenen Altteilehändlern mit festem Geschäftssitz, Herstellern und Händlern, zugelassenen Werkstätten, sonstigen zugelassenen Betrieben, die solche Teile üblicherweise haben, sowie von Privatleuten, die durch Fahrzeugbrief oder Zulassung belegen, dass sie Eigentümer des Fahrzeugs sind, dessen eingravierte Fahrgestellnummer auf dem Katalysator steht.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Ordnungswidrigkeit mit Geldstrafe von 1.000 US-Dollar beim ersten Mal, 2.000 US-Dollar beim zweiten Mal und 4.000 US-Dollar ab dem dritten Mal.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(c) A violation of this section is punishable as an infraction by a fine, as follows:
(1) For a first offense, by a fine of one thousand dollars ($1,000).
(2) For a second offense, by a fine of two thousand dollars ($2,000).
(3) For a third or subsequent offense, by a fine of four thousand dollars ($4,000).
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) No person shall purchase a used catalytic converter, including for the purpose of dismantling, recycling, or smelting, except from any of the following: (1) An automobile dismantler licensed pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 11500) of Division 5. (2) A core recycler, as defined in Section 21610 of the Business and Professions Code, that maintains a fixed place of business and has obtained the catalytic converter pursuant to that section. (3) A motor vehicle manufacturer, dealer, or lessor-retailer licensed pursuant to Division 5 (commencing with Section 11100). (4) An automotive repair dealer licensed pursuant to Chapter 20.3 (commencing with Section 9880) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code. (5) Any other licensed business that may reasonably generate, possess, or sell used catalytic converters. (6) An individual possessing documentation that they are the lawful owner of the used catalytic converter, including, but not limited to, a certificate of title or registration that identifies the individual as the legal or registered owner of the vehicle from which the catalytic converter was detached, and that includes a vehicle identification number that matches the vehicle identification number permanently marked on the catalytic converter. (b) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) “Permanently marked” means prominently engraved, etched, welded, metal stamped, acid marked, or otherwise permanently displayed using a similarly reliable method of imparting a lasting mark on the exterior case of the catalytic converter. (2) “Used catalytic converter” means a catalytic converter that has been previously installed on a vehicle and has been detached. It does not include a reconditioned or refurbished catalytic converter being sold at retail. (c) A violation of this section is punishable as an infraction by a fine, as follows: (1) For a first offense, by a fine of one thousand dollars ($1,000). (2) For a second offense, by a fine of two thousand dollars ($2,000). (3) For a third or subsequent offense, by a fine of four thousand dollars ($4,000).
Fahrzeugdiebstahl · Teil 4 · Geldstrafe $1.000
Strafschärfung für gemeinschaftliche Eigentumsdelikte
Wer gemeinsam mit zwei oder mehr weiteren Personen bei einem Verbrechen oder dessen Versuch fremdes Eigentum wegnimmt, zu nehmen versucht, beschädigt oder zerstört, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe. Sie darf nur verhängt werden, wenn diese Umstände in der Anklageschrift genannt und eingeräumt oder festgestellt wurden. Sie kann neben anderen Strafschärfungen verhängt werden.
Zuschlag, keine eigene Tat. Der Wert kommt voll auf die Strafe einer anderen Tat obendrauf — die Tat gehört also mit in den Fall, sonst gibt es nichts, worauf er kommt.
Zuschlagnormalerweise 2 Jahre Gefängnis
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
1·2·3 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „1 · 2 · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „one, two, or three years“
Cal. Penal Code § 12022.65 — Strafschärfung für gemeinschaftliche EigentumsdelikteWortlautzu
Wer gemeinsam mit zwei oder mehr weiteren Personen bei einem Verbrechen oder dessen Versuch fremdes Eigentum wegnimmt, zu nehmen versucht, beschädigt oder zerstört, erhält eine Zusatzstrafe. Sie darf nur verhängt werden, wenn diese Umstände in der Anklageschrift genannt und eingeräumt oder festgestellt wurden. Sie kann neben anderen Strafschärfungen verhängt werden.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Zusätzliche und anschliessend zu verbüssende Freiheitsstrafe von einem, zwei oder drei Jahren.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Any person who acts in concert with two or more persons to take, attempt to take, damage, or destroy any property, in the commission or attempted commission of a felony shall be punished by an additional and consecutive term of imprisonment of one, two, or three years.
1 , 2 , or 3 years
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any person who acts in concert with two or more persons to take, attempt to take, damage, or destroy any property, in the commission or attempted commission of a felony shall be punished by an additional and consecutive term of imprisonment of one, two, or three years. (b) The additional term provided in this section shall not be imposed unless the existence of the facts required in subdivision (a) are charged in the accusatory pleading and admitted by the defendant or found to be true by the trier of fact. (c) Notwithstanding any other law, the court may impose an enhancement pursuant to this section and another section on a single count, including an enhancement pursuant to Section 12022.6.
- Strafschärfung — der Wert ist ein Zusatzterm, keine Grundstrafe
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
- Einstufung aus der Strafhöhe abgeleitet, nicht aus dem Wortlaut
Strafschärfungen · Teil 4
Auto ohne markierten Katalysator verkauft
Verboten ist, dass ein Händler oder ein Inhaber einer Einzelhandelserlaubnis ein neues oder gebrauchtes Fahrzeug mit Katalysator verkauft, ohne dass der Katalysator dauerhaft mit der Fahrgestellnummer des Fahrzeugs gekennzeichnet ist. Dauerhaft heißt: eingraviert, geätzt, aufgeschweißt, eingestanzt, mit Säure markiert oder auf ähnlich haltbare Weise aussen am Gehäuse angebracht. Ausgenommen sind Oldtimer, Motorräder, Fahrzeuge aus der Verwertung, Fahrzeuge aus Schrott- und Großhandelsauktionen sowie Fälle, in denen der Käufer die angebotene Markierung ablehnt und der Händler das offenlegt. Die Vorschrift gilt seit dem 1. Januar 2025.
Strafekeine Zahl im Gesetz — nur der Wortlaut, unter „Mehr dazu“
Cal. Veh. Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Veh. Code § 24020 — Auto ohne markierten Katalysator verkauftWortlautzu
Verboten ist, dass ein Händler oder ein Inhaber einer Einzelhandelserlaubnis ein neues oder gebrauchtes Fahrzeug mit Katalysator verkauft, ohne dass der Katalysator dauerhaft mit der Fahrgestellnummer des Fahrzeugs gekennzeichnet ist. Dauerhaft heißt: eingraviert, geätzt, aufgeschweißt, eingestanzt, mit Säure markiert oder auf ähnlich haltbare Weise aussen am Gehäuse angebracht. Ausgenommen sind Oldtimer, Motorräder, Fahrzeuge aus der Verwertung, Fahrzeuge aus Schrott- und Großhandelsauktionen sowie Fälle, in denen der Käufer die angebotene Markierung ablehnt und der Händler das offenlegt. Die Vorschrift gilt seit dem 1. Januar 2025.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Ordnungswidrigkeit (infraction). Die Strafe steht in § 42001.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(d) A dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit who violates this section shall be guilty of an infraction punishable pursuant to Section 42001. (e) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2025.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) No dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit shall sell a new or used vehicle equipped with a catalytic converter unless the catalytic converter has been permanently marked with the vehicle identification number (VIN) of the vehicle to which it is attached. (b) This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) A collector motor vehicle. (2) A vehicle sold in any of the of the following circumstances: (A) By a licensed automobile dismantler after being reported for dismantling pursuant to Section 11520. (B) By or through a salvage pool after obtaining a salvage certificate pursuant to Section 11515, a nonrepairable vehicle certificate pursuant to Section 11515.2, a certificate of title for a vehicle described in subdivision (f) of Section 11515 or subdivision (f) of Section 11515.2, or a similar ownership document issued by another state. (C) By or through a salvage disposal auction. For purposes of this section, “salvage disposal auction” means an auction where a person or entity, engaged primarily in the business of selling total loss salvage vehicles on behalf of insurance companies and that has more than eight business locations in California, sells total loss salvage vehicles. (D) By or through a wholesale motor vehicle auction. For purposes of this section, “wholesale motor vehicle auction” means an auction where the dealer conducting the auction does not take ownership of the vehicle and the vehicle is sold to a nonretail buyer for resale. (3) A vehicle where the buyer declines the seller’s offer to permanently mark the catalytic converter pursuant to subdivision (a) and the dealer discloses the catalytic converter permanent marking as a body part marking product in accordance with Sections 2981 and 2982.2 of the Civil Code. (4) A motorcycle, as defined in Section 400. (c) As used in this section, “permanently marked” means prominently engraved, etched, welded, metal stamped, acid marked, or otherwise permanently imprinted using a similarly reliable method of imparting a lasting mark on the exterior case of the catalytic converter. (d) A dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit who violates this section shall be guilty of an infraction punishable pursuant to Section 42001. (e) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2025.
Fahrzeugausstattung · Teil 12
Aufbewahrung einer Kurzwaffe im unbeaufsichtigten Fahrzeug
Wer eine Kurzwaffe in einem unbeaufsichtigten Fahrzeug zurücklässt, muss sie im Kofferraum einschliessen, in einem verschlossenen Behälter ausserhalb der Sicht verstauen, in einem fest mit dem Fahrzeuginneren verbundenen und nicht sichtbaren verschlossenen Behälter oder in einer verschlossenen Werkzeug- oder Gerätekiste einschliessen. Als verschlossener Behälter gilt nicht das Handschuh- oder Ablagefach. Vollzugsbeamte dürfen die Waffe in einem Fahrzeug ohne Kofferraum ersatzweise in der abgeschlossenen Mittelkonsole verwahren.
Strafebis $1.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 25140 — Aufbewahrung einer Kurzwaffe im unbeaufsichtigten FahrzeugWortlautzu
Wer eine Kurzwaffe in einem unbeaufsichtigten Fahrzeug zurücklässt, muss sie im Kofferraum einschliessen, in einem verschlossenen Behälter ausserhalb der Sicht verstauen, in einem fest mit dem Fahrzeuginneren verbundenen und nicht sichtbaren verschlossenen Behälter oder in einer verschlossenen Werkzeug- oder Gerätekiste einschliessen. Als verschlossener Behälter gilt nicht das Handschuh- oder Ablagefach. Vollzugsbeamte dürfen die Waffe in einem Fahrzeug ohne Kofferraum ersatzweise in der abgeschlossenen Mittelkonsole verwahren.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Ordnungswidrigkeit: Geldbusse bis zu 1.000 Dollar.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(c) A violation of subdivision (a) is an infraction punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000).
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (b), a person shall, when leaving a handgun in an unattended vehicle, lock the handgun in the vehicle’s trunk, lock the handgun in a locked container and place the container out of plain view, lock the handgun in a locked container that is permanently affixed to the vehicle’s interior and not in plain view, or lock the handgun in a locked toolbox or utility box. (b) A peace officer, when leaving a handgun in an unattended vehicle not equipped with a trunk, may, if unable to otherwise comply with subdivision (a), lock the handgun out of plain view within the center utility console of that motor vehicle with a padlock, keylock, combination lock, or other similar locking device. (c) A violation of subdivision (a) is an infraction punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000). (d) (1) As used in this section, the following definitions shall apply: (A) “Locked container” means a secure container that is fully enclosed and locked by a padlock, keylock, combination lock, or similar locking device. The term “locked container” does not include the utility or glove compartment of a motor vehicle. (B) “Locked toolbox or utility box” means a fully enclosed container that is permanently affixed to the bed of a pickup truck or vehicle that does not contain a trunk, and is locked by a padlock, keylock, combination lock, or other similar locking device. (C) “Peace officer” means a sworn officer described in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, or a sworn federal law enforcement officer, who is authorized to carry a firearm in the course and scope of that officer’s duties, while that officer is on duty or off duty. (D) “Trunk” means the fully enclosed and locked main storage or luggage compartment of a vehicle that is not accessible from the passenger compartment. A trunk does not include the rear of a hatchback, station wagon, or sport utility vehicle, any compartment which has a window, or a toolbox or utility box attached to the bed of a pickup truck. (E) “Vehicle” has the same meaning as specified in Section 670 of the Vehicle Code. (2) For purposes of this section, a vehicle is unattended when a person who is lawfully carrying or transporting a handgun in a vehicle is not within close enough proximity to the vehicle to reasonably prevent unauthorized access to the vehicle or its contents. (3) For purposes of this section, plain view includes any area of the vehicle that is visible by peering through the windows of the vehicle, including windows that are tinted, with or without illumination. (e) This section does not apply to a peace officer during circumstances requiring immediate aid or action that are within the course of his or her official duties. (f) This section does not supersede any local ordinance that regulates the storage of handguns in unattended vehicles if the ordinance was in effect before September 26, 2016.
Waffenrecht · Teil 6 · Geldstrafe bis $1.000
Hausfriedensbruch
Wer vorsätzlich fremdes Grundeigentum unbefugt betritt oder nutzt, macht sich strafbar. Die Vorschrift zählt zahlreiche Fälle auf, etwa das Fällen, Beschädigen oder Wegschaffen von Holz auf fremdem Grund, das böswillige Abtrennen von Grundstücksbestandteilen, das Ausheben und Wegschaffen von Erde, Boden oder Steinen ohne Erlaubnis sowie das Betreten von Flughäfen, Schiffsterminals und Nahverkehrsanlagen entgegen den Zutrittsregeln.
Strafebis zu 1 Jahr Gefängnis· dazu bis $2.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 602 — HausfriedensbruchWortlautzu
Wer vorsätzlich fremdes Grundeigentum unbefugt betritt oder nutzt, macht sich strafbar. Die Vorschrift zählt zahlreiche Fälle auf, etwa das Fällen, Beschädigen oder Wegschaffen von Holz auf fremdem Grund, das böswillige Abtrennen von Grundstücksbestandteilen, das Ausheben und Wegschaffen von Erde, Boden oder Steinen ohne Erlaubnis sowie das Betreten von Flughäfen, Schiffsterminals und Nahverkehrsanlagen entgegen den Zutrittsregeln.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Als Vergehen (misdemeanor) strafbar. Wer sich weigert, einen Flughafen oder ein Schiffsterminal auf Aufforderung eines Polizeibeamten oder befugten Personals zu verlassen, sowie bei Wiederholung: Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu sechs Monaten oder Geldstrafe bis zu 1.000 Dollar oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
guilty of a misdemeanor
(B) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, if the person refuses to leave the airport or passenger vessel terminal after being requested to leave by a peace officer or authorized personnel.
(C) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, for a second or subsequent offense.
(v) (1) Except as permitted by federal law, intentionally avoiding submission to the screening and inspection of one’s person and accessible property in accordance with the procedures being applied to control access when entering or reentering a sterile area of an airport, passenger vessel terminal, as defined in subdivision (u), or public transit facility, as defined in Section 171.7, if the sterile area is posted with a statement providing reasonable notice that prosecution may result from a trespass described in this subdivision, is a violation of this subdivision, punishable by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) for the first offense. A second and subsequent violation is a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for a period of not more than one year, or by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if a first violation of this subdivision is responsible for the evacuation of an airport terminal, passenger vessel terminal, or public transit facility and is responsible in any part for delays or cancellations of scheduled flights or departures, it is punishable by imprisonment of not more than one year in a county jail.
(1) A person who is convicted of violating this subdivision shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year.
(B) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, if the person refuses to leave the posted area after being requested to leave by a peace officer or other authorized person.
(C) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars ($2,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, for a second or subsequent offense.
(A) By a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100).
(A) As an infraction, by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100).
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Except as provided in subdivisions (u), (v), and (x), and Section 602.8, a person who willfully commits a trespass by any of the following acts is guilty of a misdemeanor: (a) Cutting down, destroying, or injuring any kind of wood or timber standing or growing upon the lands of another. (b) Carrying away any kind of wood or timber lying on those lands. (c) Maliciously injuring or severing from the freehold of another anything attached to it, or its produce. (d) Digging, taking, or carrying away from a lot situated within the limits of an incorporated city, without the license of the owner or legal occupant, any earth, soil, or stone. (e) Digging, taking, or carrying away from land in a city or town laid down on the map or plan of the city, or otherwise recognized or established as a street, alley, avenue, or park, without the license of the proper authorities, any earth, soil, or stone. (f) Maliciously tearing down, damaging, mutilating, or destroying a sign, signboard, or notice placed upon, or affixed to, a property belonging to the state, or to a city, county, city and county, town, or village, or upon the property of a person, by the state or by an automobile association, which sign, signboard, or notice is intended to indicate or designate a road or a highway, or is intended to direct travelers from one point to another, or relates to fires, fire control, or any other matter involving the protection of the property, or putting up, affixing, fastening, printing, or painting upon any property belonging to the state, or to any city, county, town, or village, or dedicated to the public, or upon the property of a person, without license from the owner, a notice, advertisement, or designation of, or a name for a commodity, whether for sale or otherwise, or a picture, sign, or device intended to call attention to it. (g) Entering upon lands owned by another person whereon oysters or other shellfish are planted or growing; or injuring, gathering, or carrying away oysters or other shellfish planted, growing, or on any of those lands, whether covered by water or not, without the license of the owner or legal occupant; or damaging, destroying, or removing, or causing to be removed, damaged, or destroyed, any stakes, marks, fences, or signs intended to designate the boundaries and limits of those lands. (h) (1) Entering upon lands or buildings owned by another person without the license of the owner or legal occupant, where signs forbidding trespass are displayed, and whereon cattle, goats, pigs, sheep, fowl, or any other animal is being raised, bred, fed, or held for the purpose of food for human consumption; or injuring, gathering, or carrying away any animal being housed on any of those lands, without the license of the owner or legal occupant; or damaging, destroying, or removing, or causing to be removed, damaged, or destroyed, any stakes, marks, fences, or signs intended to designate the boundaries and limits of those lands. (2) In order for there to be a violation of this subdivision, the trespass signs under paragraph (1) shall be displayed at intervals not less than three per mile along all exterior boundaries and at all roads and trails entering the land. (3) This subdivision does not preclude prosecution or punishment under any other law, including, but not limited to, grand theft or any provision that provides for a greater penalty or longer term of imprisonment. (i) Willfully opening, tearing down, or otherwise destroying a fence on the enclosed land of another, or opening a gate, bar, or fence of another and willfully leaving it open without the written permission of the owner, or maliciously tearing down, mutilating, or destroying a sign, signboard, or other notice forbidding shooting on private property. (j) Building fires upon lands owned by another where signs forbidding trespass are displayed at intervals not greater than one mile along the exterior boundaries and at all roads and trails entering the lands, without first having obtained written permission from the owner of the lands or the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. (k) Entering lands, whether unenclosed or enclosed by fence, for the purpose of injuring property or property rights or with the intention of interfering with, obstructing, or injuring a lawful business or occupation carried on by the owner of the land, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. (l) Entering lands under cultivation or enclosed by fence, belonging to, or occupied by, another, or entering upon uncultivated or unenclosed lands where signs forbidding trespass are displayed at intervals not less than three to the mile along all exterior boundaries and at all roads and trails entering the lands without the written permission of the owner of the land, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession, and any of the following: (1) Refusing or failing to leave the lands immediately upon being requested by the owner of the land, the owner’s agent, or by the person in lawful possession to leave the lands. (2) Tearing down, mutilating, or destroying a sign, signboard, or notice forbidding trespass or hunting on the lands. (3) Removing, injuring, unlocking, or tampering with a lock on a gate on or leading into the lands. (4) Discharging a firearm. (m) Entering and occupying real property or structures of any kind without the consent of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. (n) Driving a vehicle, as defined in Section 670 of the Vehicle Code, upon real property belonging to, or lawfully occupied by, another and known not to be open to the general public, without the consent of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. This subdivision does not apply to a person described in Section 22350 of the Business and Professions Code who is making a lawful service of process, provided that upon exiting the vehicle, the person proceeds immediately to attempt the service of process, and leaves immediately upon completing the service of process or upon the request of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. (o) (1) Refusing or failing to leave land, real property, or structures belonging to, or lawfully occupied by, another and not open to the general public, upon being requested to leave by (1) a peace officer at the request of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession, and upon being informed by the peace officer that they are acting at the request of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession, or (2) the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession. The owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession shall make a separate request to the peace officer on each occasion when the peace officer’s assistance in dealing with a trespass is requested. However, a single request for a peace officer’s assistance, made in a notarized writing on a form provided by the law enforcement agency, may be made to cover a limited period of time not to exceed a time period determined by local ordinance or 12 months, whichever is shorter, and identified by specific dates, during which there is a fire hazard or the owner, owner’s agent, or person in lawful possession is absent from the premises or property. In addition, a single request for a peace officer’s assistance, made in a notarized writing on a form provided by the law enforcement agency, may be made for a period not to exceed 12 months when the premises or property is closed to the public and posted as being closed. The requestor shall inform the law enforcement agency to which the request was made, in writing, when the assistance is no longer desired, before the period not exceeding 12 months expires. However, this subdivision does not apply to persons engaged in lawful labor union activities that are permitted to be carried out on the property by the Alatorre-Zenovich-Dunlap-Berman Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975 (Part 3.5 (commencing with Section 1140) of Division 2 of the Labor Code) or by the federal National Labor Relations Act. For purposes of this section, land, real property, or structures owned or operated by a housing authority for tenants, as defined in Section 34213.5 of the Health and Safety Code, constitutes property not open to the general public; however, this subdivision does not apply to persons on the premises who are engaging in activities protected by the California or United States Constitution, or to persons who are on the premises at the request of a resident or management and who are not loitering or otherwise suspected of violating or actually violating a law or ordinance. (2) A request for a peace officer’s assistance shall expire upon transfer of ownership of the property or upon a change in the person in lawful possession. (3) A request for a peace officer’s assistance in dealing with a trespass may be submitted electronically. A local government may accept electronic submissions of requests pursuant to this subdivision. (p) Entering upon lands declared closed to entry, as provided in Section 4256 of the Public Resources Code, if the closed areas have been posted with notices declaring the closure, at intervals not greater than one mile along the exterior boundaries or along roads and trails passing through the lands. (q) Refusing or failing to leave a public building of a public agency during those hours of the day or night when the building is regularly closed to the public upon being requested to do so by a regularly employed guard, watchperson, or custodian of the public agency owning or maintaining the building or property, if the surrounding circumstances would indicate to a reasonable person that the person has no apparent lawful business to pursue. (r) Knowingly skiing in an area or on a ski trail that is closed to the public and that has signs posted indicating the closure. (s) Refusing or failing to leave a hotel or motel, where the person has obtained accommodations and has refused to pay for those accommodations, upon request of the proprietor or manager and the occupancy is exempt, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 1940 of the Civil Code, from Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1940) of Title 5 of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code. For purposes of this subdivision, occupancy at a hotel or motel for a continuous period of 30 days or less shall, in the absence of a written agreement to the contrary, or other written evidence of a periodic tenancy of indefinite duration, be exempt from Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1940) of Title 5 of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code. (t) (1) Entering upon private property, including contiguous land, real property, or structures thereon belonging to the same owner, whether or not generally open to the public, after having been informed by a peace officer at the request of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession, and upon being informed by the peace officer that the peace officer is acting at the request of the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession, that the property is not open to the particular person; or refusing or failing to leave the property upon being asked to leave the property in the manner provided in this subdivision. (2) This subdivision applies only to a person who has been convicted of a crime committed upon the particular private property. (3) A single notification or request to the person as set forth above shall be valid and enforceable under this subdivision unless and until rescinded by the owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession of the property. (4) Where the person has been convicted of a violent felony, as described in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5, this subdivision applies without time limitation. Where the person has been convicted of any other felony, this subdivision applies for no more than five years from the date of conviction. Where the person has been convicted of a misdemeanor, this subdivision applies for no more than two years from the date of conviction. Where the person was convicted for an infraction pursuant to Section 490.1, this subdivision applies for no more than one year from the date of conviction. This subdivision does not apply to convictions for any other infraction. (u) (1) Knowingly entering, by an unauthorized person, upon an airport operations area, passenger vessel terminal, or public transit facility if the area has been posted with notices restricting access to authorized personnel only and the postings occur not greater than every 150 feet along the exterior boundary, to the extent, in the case of a passenger vessel terminal, as defined in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (3), that the exterior boundary extends shoreside. To the extent that the exterior boundary of a passenger vessel terminal operations area extends waterside, this prohibition applies if notices have been posted in a manner consistent with the requirements for the shoreside exterior boundary, or in any other manner approved by the captain of the port. (2) A person convicted of a violation of paragraph (1) shall be punished as follows: (A) By a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100). (B) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, if the person refuses to leave the airport or passenger vessel terminal after being requested to leave by a peace officer or authorized personnel. (C) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, for a second or subsequent offense. (3) As used in this subdivision, the following definitions shall control: (A) “Airport operations area” means that part of the airport used by aircraft for landing, taking off, surface maneuvering, loading and unloading, refueling, parking, or maintenance, where aircraft support vehicles and facilities exist, and which is not for public use or public vehicular traffic. (B) “Passenger vessel terminal” means only that portion of a harbor or port facility, as described in Section 105.105(a)(2) of Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations, with a secured area that regularly serves scheduled commuter or passenger operations. For the purposes of this section, “passenger vessel terminal” does not include any area designated a public access area pursuant to Section 105.106 of Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (C) “Public transit facility” has the same meaning as specified in Section 171.7. (D) (i) “Authorized personnel” means a person who has a valid airport identification card issued by the airport operator or has a valid airline identification card recognized by the airport operator, or any person not in possession of an airport or airline identification card who is being escorted for legitimate purposes by a person with an airport or airline identification card. (ii) “Authorized personnel” also means a person who has a valid port identification card issued by the harbor operator, or who has a valid company identification card issued by a commercial maritime enterprise recognized by the harbor operator, or any other person who is being escorted for legitimate purposes by a person with a valid port or qualifying company identification card. (iii) “Authorized personnel” also means a person who has a valid public transit employee identification card. (E) “Airport” means a facility whose function is to support commercial aviation. (v) (1) Except as permitted by federal law, intentionally avoiding submission to the screening and inspection of one’s person and accessible property in accordance with the procedures being applied to control access when entering or reentering a sterile area of an airport, passenger vessel terminal, as defined in subdivision (u), or public transit facility, as defined in Section 171.7, if the sterile area is posted with a statement providing reasonable notice that prosecution may result from a trespass described in this subdivision, is a violation of this subdivision, punishable by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) for the first offense. A second and subsequent violation is a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for a period of not more than one year, or by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if a first violation of this subdivision is responsible for the evacuation of an airport terminal, passenger vessel terminal, or public transit facility and is responsible in any part for delays or cancellations of scheduled flights or departures, it is punishable by imprisonment of not more than one year in a county jail. (w) Refusing or failing to leave the location of a domestic violence shelter-based program at any time after being requested to leave by a managing authority of the shelter. (1) A person who is convicted of violating this subdivision shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year. (2) The court may order a defendant who is convicted of violating this subdivision to make restitution to a victim of domestic violence in an amount equal to the relocation expenses of the victim of domestic violence and the victim’s children if those expenses are incurred as a result of trespass by the defendant at the location of a domestic violence shelter-based program. (x) (1) Knowingly entering or remaining in a neonatal unit, maternity ward, or birthing center located in a hospital or clinic without lawful business to pursue therein, if the area has been posted so as to give reasonable notice restricting access to those with lawful business to pursue therein and the surrounding circumstances would indicate to a reasonable person that the person has no lawful business to pursue therein. Reasonable notice is that which would give actual notice to a reasonable person, and is posted, at a minimum, at each entrance into the area. (2) A person convicted of a violation of paragraph (1) shall be punished as follows: (A) As an infraction, by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100). (B) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, if the person refuses to leave the posted area after being requested to leave by a peace officer or other authorized person. (C) By imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars ($2,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment, for a second or subsequent offense. (D) If probation is granted or the execution or imposition of sentencing is suspended for a person convicted under this subdivision, it shall be a condition of probation that the person participate in counseling, as designated by the court, unless the court finds good cause not to impose this requirement. The court shall require the person to pay for this counseling, if ordered, unless good cause not to pay is shown. (y) Except as permitted by federal law, intentionally avoiding submission to the screening and inspection of one’s person and accessible property in accordance with the procedures being applied to control access when entering or reentering a courthouse or a city, county, city and county, or state building if entrances to the courthouse or the city, county, city and county, or state building have been posted with a statement providing reasonable notice that prosecution may result from a trespass described in this subdivision.
: Schadenswiedergutmachung · Bewährung
Sachbeschädigung und mutwillige Schädigung · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $2.000
Besitz von Code-Grabbern
Wer einen Code-Grabber besitzt, um damit eine rechtswidrige Tat zu begehen, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar ist, mit einem solchen Gerät die Alarmanlage eines Fahrzeugs zu deaktivieren. Ein Code-Grabber ist ein Gerät, das das verschlüsselte Funksignal einer Fahrzeugalarmanlage aufzeichnet und wieder abspielt, um die Anlage abzuschalten.
Strafebis zu 6 Monate oder bis $1.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 466.9 — Besitz von Code-GrabbernWortlautzu
Wer einen Code-Grabber besitzt, um damit eine rechtswidrige Tat zu begehen, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar ist, mit einem solchen Gerät die Alarmanlage eines Fahrzeugs zu deaktivieren. Ein Code-Grabber ist ein Gerät, das das verschlüsselte Funksignal einer Fahrzeugalarmanlage aufzeichnet und wieder abspielt, um die Anlage abzuschalten.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Vergehen (misdemeanor); der Paragraf selbst nennt kein Strafmaß.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
guilty of a misdemeanor
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Every person who possesses a code grabbing device, with the intent to use it in the commission of an unlawful act, is guilty of a misdemeanor. (b) Every person who uses a code grabbing device to disarm the security alarm system of a motor vehicle, with the intent to use the device in the commission of an unlawful act, is guilty of a misdemeanor. (c) As used in this section, “code grabbing device” means a device that can receive and record the coded signal sent by the transmitter of a motor vehicle security alarm system and can play back the signal to disarm that system.
Kein eigenes Strafmaß im Text. Dann gilt Cal. Penal Code § 19: bis 6 Monate Haft oder bis $1.000 — diese Zahlen stehen dort, nicht hier.
Straftaten gegen das Vermögen · Teil 1
Identitätsmissbrauch im Internet
Wer wissentlich und ohne Einwilligung im Internet oder mit anderen elektronischen Mitteln glaubhaft die Identität einer tatsächlich existierenden Person annimmt, um jemandem zu schaden, ihn einzuschüchtern, zu bedrohen oder zu betrügen, macht sich strafbar. Glaubhaft ist die Vortäuschung, wenn ein anderer vernünftigerweise annehmen würde, es handle sich wirklich um die nachgeahmte Person. Erfasst ist unter anderem das Einrichten eines E-Mail-Kontos oder eines Profils in einem sozialen Netzwerk unter fremdem Namen.
Strafebis zu 1 Jahr Gefängnis· dazu bis $1.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 528.5 — Identitätsmissbrauch im InternetWortlautzu
Wer wissentlich und ohne Einwilligung im Internet oder mit anderen elektronischen Mitteln glaubhaft die Identität einer tatsächlich existierenden Person annimmt, um jemandem zu schaden, ihn einzuschüchtern, zu bedrohen oder zu betrügen, macht sich strafbar. Glaubhaft ist die Vortäuschung, wenn ein anderer vernünftigerweise annehmen würde, es handle sich wirklich um die nachgeahmte Person. Erfasst ist unter anderem das Einrichten eines E-Mail-Kontos oder eines Profils in einem sozialen Netzwerk unter fremdem Namen.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Geldstrafe bis zu 1.000 US-Dollar oder Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(d) A violation of subdivision (a) is punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any person who knowingly and without consent credibly impersonates another actual person through or on an Internet Web site or by other electronic means for purposes of harming, intimidating, threatening, or defrauding another person is guilty of a public offense punishable pursuant to subdivision (d). (b) For purposes of this section, an impersonation is credible if another person would reasonably believe, or did reasonably believe, that the defendant was or is the person who was impersonated. (c) For purposes of this section, “electronic means” shall include opening an e-mail account or an account or profile on a social networking Internet Web site in another person’s name. (d) A violation of subdivision (a) is punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment. (e) In addition to any other civil remedy available, a person who suffers damage or loss by reason of a violation of subdivision (a) may bring a civil action against the violator for compensatory damages and injunctive relief or other equitable relief pursuant to paragraphs (1), (2), (4), and (5) of subdivision (e) and subdivision (g) of Section 502. (f) This section shall not preclude prosecution under any other law.
- Strafe steht nicht hier, sondern in einem anderen Paragraphen
Straftaten gegen das Vermögen · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $1.000
Hehlerei mit Fahrzeugen und Booten
Wer ein Kraftfahrzeug, einen Anhänger, ein Spezialbaugerät oder ein Wasserfahrzeug kauft oder annimmt, das gestohlen oder durch Diebstahl oder Erpressung erlangt wurde, und dies weiß, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar ist, ein solches Fahrzeug zu verstecken, zu verkaufen, dem Eigentümer vorzuenthalten oder dabei zu helfen. Spezialbaugeräte und Wasserfahrzeuge sind nur erfasst, soweit sie motorisiert sind.
Strafenormalerweise 2 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu bis $10.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
16 Monate·2 Jahre·3 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „16 Monate · 2 Jahre · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „16 months or two or three years“
Cal. Penal Code § 496d — Hehlerei mit Fahrzeugen und BootenWortlautzu
Wer ein Kraftfahrzeug, einen Anhänger, ein Spezialbaugerät oder ein Wasserfahrzeug kauft oder annimmt, das gestohlen oder durch Diebstahl oder Erpressung erlangt wurde, und dies weiß, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar ist, ein solches Fahrzeug zu verstecken, zu verkaufen, dem Eigentümer vorzuenthalten oder dabei zu helfen. Spezialbaugeräte und Wasserfahrzeuge sind nur erfasst, soweit sie motorisiert sind.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Freiheitsstrafe nach § 1170 Buchstabe h von 16 Monaten, zwei oder drei Jahren oder Geldstrafe bis zu 10.000 US-Dollar oder beides; alternativ Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Geldstrafe bis zu 1.000 US-Dollar oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Every person who buys or receives any motor vehicle, as defined in Section 415 of the Vehicle Code, any trailer, as defined in Section 630 of the Vehicle Code, any special construction equipment, as defined in Section 565 of the Vehicle Code, or any vessel, as defined in Section 21 of the Harbors and Navigation Code, that has been stolen or that has been obtained in any manner constituting theft or extortion, knowing the property to be stolen or obtained, or who conceals, sells, withholds, or aids in concealing, selling, or withholding any motor vehicle, trailer, special construction equipment, or vessel from the owner, knowing the property to be so stolen or obtained, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months or two or three years or a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both, or by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed one year or a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Every person who buys or receives any motor vehicle, as defined in Section 415 of the Vehicle Code, any trailer, as defined in Section 630 of the Vehicle Code, any special construction equipment, as defined in Section 565 of the Vehicle Code, or any vessel, as defined in Section 21 of the Harbors and Navigation Code, that has been stolen or that has been obtained in any manner constituting theft or extortion, knowing the property to be stolen or obtained, or who conceals, sells, withholds, or aids in concealing, selling, or withholding any motor vehicle, trailer, special construction equipment, or vessel from the owner, knowing the property to be so stolen or obtained, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months or two or three years or a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both, or by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed one year or a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both. (b) For the purposes of this section, the terms “special construction equipment” and “vessel” are limited to motorized vehicles and vessels.
Straftaten gegen das Vermögen · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $10.000
Betretungsverbot für den Einzelhandel
Verurteilt ein Gericht jemanden wegen Ladendiebstahls, Diebstahls im Einzelhandel, organisierten Ladendiebstahls, Sachbeschädigung an einem Geschäft oder eines Angriffs auf Beschäftigte während der Arbeit, muss es prüfen, ob es ein Betretungsverbot für dieses Geschäft anordnet; es gilt bis zu zwei Jahre. Das Verbot erfasst auch Gelände und angrenzenden Kundenparkplatz und kann bei Ketten weitere Filialen im festgelegten Umkreis einschließen. Das Gericht muss berücksichtigen, ob das Geschäft im Umkreis von einer Meile die einzige Quelle für Lebensmittel, Arzneimittel oder andere Grundbedürfnisse ist.
Strafebis zu 6 Monate oder bis $1.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 490.8 — Betretungsverbot für den EinzelhandelWortlautzu
Verurteilt ein Gericht jemanden wegen Ladendiebstahls, Diebstahls im Einzelhandel, organisierten Ladendiebstahls, Sachbeschädigung an einem Geschäft oder eines Angriffs auf Beschäftigte während der Arbeit, muss es prüfen, ob es ein Betretungsverbot für dieses Geschäft anordnet; es gilt bis zu zwei Jahre. Das Verbot erfasst auch Gelände und angrenzenden Kundenparkplatz und kann bei Ketten weitere Filialen im festgelegten Umkreis einschließen. Das Gericht muss berücksichtigen, ob das Geschäft im Umkreis von einer Meile die einzige Quelle für Lebensmittel, Arzneimittel oder andere Grundbedürfnisse ist.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Ein Verstoß gegen ein nach dieser Vorschrift erlassenes Betretungsverbot ist ein Vergehen (misdemeanor); ein Strafmaß nennt der Paragraf nicht.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
punishable as a misdemeanor
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) A court sentencing a defendant for any violation described in subdivision (b) shall consider issuing an order restraining the defendant from entering the premises of the retail establishment, that may be valid for up to two years, as determined by the court. (b) Subdivision (a) shall apply to a person convicted of any of the following offenses: (1) Shoplifting in violation of Section 459.5. (2) Any theft, including a violation of Section 487 or 488, from a retail establishment. (3) Organized retail theft in violation of Section 490.4. (4) Any vandalism of a retail establishment in violation of Section 594. (5) Any assault or battery of an employee of a retail establishment while that person is working at the retail establishment, including a violation of Section 240, 242, or 245. (c) (1) An order issued pursuant to subdivision (a) shall prohibit the restrained person from entering the retail establishment, or being present on the grounds of, or any parking lot adjacent to and used to service, the retail establishment. (2) If the retail establishment is part of a chain or franchise, the court may include other retail establishments in that chain or franchise within a specified geographic range in the order. (d) In determining whether to impose a retail crime restraining order pursuant to subdivision (a) or (e), the court shall consider whether the retail establishment is the only place that sells food, pharmaceuticals, or other basic life necessities within one mile of where the individual resides, or otherwise creates undue hardship for the individual. (e) (1) A prosecuting attorney, city attorney, county counsel, or attorney representing a retail establishment may file a petition requesting a retail crime restraining order for an individual who has been arrested, including, but not limited to, the issuance of a citation in lieu of a custodial arrest pursuant to Section 853.6, two or more times for any of the offenses listed in subdivision (b) within the same retail establishment. (2) An order issued pursuant to this subdivision shall be issued after a hearing. (3) The respondent shall be personally served with notice of the hearing and shall be entitled to representation by court-appointed counsel. (4) The petitioner shall bear the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the respondent, on two or more separate occasions, committed an offense described in subdivision (b) within the retail establishment or on the grounds thereof. (5) The court may issue an order restraining the respondent from entering the premises of the retail establishment for a period not to exceed two years if the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that both of the following are true: (A) The respondent, on two or more separate occasions, committed an offense described in subdivision (b) within the retail establishment or on the grounds thereof. (B) There is a substantial likelihood that the individual will return to the retail establishment. (6) (A) An order issued pursuant to this subdivision shall prohibit the restrained person from entering the retail establishment, or being present on the grounds of, or any parking lot adjacent to and used to service, the retail establishment. (B) If the retail establishment is part of a chain or franchise, the court may include other retail establishments in that chain or franchise within a specified geographic range in the order. (f) A violation of an order issued pursuant to this section is punishable as a misdemeanor. Declarative of existing law, prosecution under this section shall not preclude prosecution for any other offenses committed during a violation of this section. (g) Notwithstanding Section 853.6, an officer arresting a person for a violation of this section is not required to release the person pursuant to a written notice to appear. (h) Declarative of existing law, a court may offer an individual charged with a violation of this section an opportunity to participate in a diversion program for which they are eligible, including those described in Title 6 (commencing with Section 976) of Part 2. (i) If a person subject to a retail crime restraining order issued pursuant to this section was not present in court at the time the order was issued or renewed, the retail crime restraining order shall be personally served on the restrained person by a law enforcement officer, or by a person as provided in Section 414.10 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (j) The Judicial Council may prescribe the form of the petitions and orders and any other documents, and may promulgate any rules of court, necessary to implement this section.
Kein eigenes Strafmaß im Text. Dann gilt Cal. Penal Code § 19: bis 6 Monate Haft oder bis $1.000 — diese Zahlen stehen dort, nicht hier.
Straftaten gegen das Vermögen · Teil 1
2Dein Fall
noch leer
Noch nichts ausgewählt. Suchen Sie oben nach der Tat und tippen Sie „Hinzufügen“ — jede Tat einzeln, so oft, wie sie vorkam.
3Diese Paragraphen gelten
Sobald die erste Tat oben im Fall liegt, stehen hier die Paragraphen, die dafür gelten — jeder mit Fundstelle zum Kopieren.
Orientierung, keine verbindliche Auskunft — das letzte Wort hat das Gericht. Katalog: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov — California Penal Code, Stand 2026-08-30, 1419 Paragraphen. Verbindlich ist der englische Wortlaut; die deutsche Fassung ist eine Arbeitsübersetzung und steht an jedem Paragraphen zum Aufklappen daneben — für 5 Paragraphen liegt sie noch nicht vor.