Department of Justice
Welche Paragraphen gelten?
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1Was ist passiert?
Schreiben Sie in eigenen Worten, was passiert ist. Ganze Sätze sind richtig; steckt mehr als eine Tat darin, werden sie getrennt. Ein Stichwort geht genauso — „Raub“, „Einbruch“, „211“.
306 Taten gefunden · Seite 8 von 26
Bestechung von Schieds- und Kampfrichtern
Wer einem Schiedsrichter, Kampfrichter, Leiter oder sonstigen Offiziellen eines Sportwettkampfs Geld oder Vorteile gibt oder anbietet, um das Ergebnis zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Erfasst sind unter anderem Baseball, Football, Boxen, Pferderennen und Ringkämpfe.
Strafebis $15.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 337d — Bestechung von Schieds- und KampfrichternWortlautzu
Wer einem Schiedsrichter, Kampfrichter, Leiter oder sonstigen Offiziellen eines Sportwettkampfs Geld oder Vorteile gibt oder anbietet, um das Ergebnis zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Erfasst sind unter anderem Baseball, Football, Boxen, Pferderennen und Ringkämpfe.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Haft nach PC 1170(h) oder Geldstrafe bis 10.000 Dollar oder beides. Beim zweiten Verstoss Haft nach PC 1170(h) oder Geldstrafe bis 15.000 Dollar oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
Any person who gives, offers to give, promises to give, or attempts to give, any money, bribe, or thing of value to any person who is umpiring, managing, directing, refereeing, supervising, judging, presiding, or officiating at, or who is about to umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at any sporting event, contest, or exhibition of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, sporting events, contests, and exhibitions such as baseball, football, boxing, horse racing, and wrestling matches, with the intention or agreement or understanding that the person shall corruptly or dishonestly umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at, any sporting event, contest, or exhibition, or the players or participants thereof, with the intention or purpose that the result of the sporting event, contest, or exhibition will be affected or influenced thereby, is guilty of a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment and fine. A second offense of this section is a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or by a fine of not more than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Any person who gives, offers to give, promises to give, or attempts to give, any money, bribe, or thing of value to any person who is umpiring, managing, directing, refereeing, supervising, judging, presiding, or officiating at, or who is about to umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at any sporting event, contest, or exhibition of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, sporting events, contests, and exhibitions such as baseball, football, boxing, horse racing, and wrestling matches, with the intention or agreement or understanding that the person shall corruptly or dishonestly umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at, any sporting event, contest, or exhibition, or the players or participants thereof, with the intention or purpose that the result of the sporting event, contest, or exhibition will be affected or influenced thereby, is guilty of a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment and fine. A second offense of this section is a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or by a fine of not more than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $15.000
Bestechlichkeit von Schieds- und Kampfrichtern
Wer als Schiedsrichter, Kampfrichter, Leiter oder sonstiger Offizieller eines Sportwettkampfs Geld oder Vorteile annimmt oder anzunehmen zusagt, um das Ergebnis zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Erfasst sind unter anderem Baseball, Football, Boxen, Pferderennen und Ringkämpfe.
Strafebis $5.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 337e — Bestechlichkeit von Schieds- und KampfrichternWortlautzu
Wer als Schiedsrichter, Kampfrichter, Leiter oder sonstiger Offizieller eines Sportwettkampfs Geld oder Vorteile annimmt oder anzunehmen zusagt, um das Ergebnis zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Erfasst sind unter anderem Baseball, Football, Boxen, Pferderennen und Ringkämpfe.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Haft nach PC 1170(h) oder Geldstrafe bis 5.000 Dollar oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
Any person who as umpire, manager, director, referee, supervisor, judge, presiding officer or official receives or agrees to receive, or attempts to receive any money, bribe or thing of value, with the understanding or agreement that such umpire, manager, director, referee, supervisor, judge, presiding officer, or official shall corruptly conduct himself or shall corruptly umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at, any sporting event, contest, or exhibition of any kind whatsoever, and specifically including, but without being limited to, such sporting events, contests, and exhibitions as baseball, football, boxing, horse racing, and wrestling matches, or any player or participant thereof, with the intention or purpose that the result of the sporting event, contest, or exhibition will be affected or influenced thereby, is guilty of a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Any person who as umpire, manager, director, referee, supervisor, judge, presiding officer or official receives or agrees to receive, or attempts to receive any money, bribe or thing of value, with the understanding or agreement that such umpire, manager, director, referee, supervisor, judge, presiding officer, or official shall corruptly conduct himself or shall corruptly umpire, manage, direct, referee, supervise, judge, preside, or officiate at, any sporting event, contest, or exhibition of any kind whatsoever, and specifically including, but without being limited to, such sporting events, contests, and exhibitions as baseball, football, boxing, horse racing, and wrestling matches, or any player or participant thereof, with the intention or purpose that the result of the sporting event, contest, or exhibition will be affected or influenced thereby, is guilty of a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $5.000
Manipulation von Pferderennen
Wer Besitzer, Trainer, Jockeys oder Pfleger dazu bewegt, ein Rennen durch Doping oder andere Mittel zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar sind das Verabreichen aufputschender oder dämpfender Mittel an ein Rennpferd und weitere im Paragrafen genannte Manipulationen.
Strafebis zu 1 Jahr Gefängnis· dazu bis $5.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 337f — Manipulation von PferderennenWortlautzu
Wer Besitzer, Trainer, Jockeys oder Pfleger dazu bewegt, ein Rennen durch Doping oder andere Mittel zu beeinflussen, macht sich strafbar. Ebenso strafbar sind das Verabreichen aufputschender oder dämpfender Mittel an ein Rennpferd und weitere im Paragrafen genannte Manipulationen.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Geldstrafe bis 5.000 Dollar, bis zu einem Jahr Bezirksgefängnis oder Haft nach PC 1170(h) oder Geldstrafe und Haft zusammen.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Any person who does any of the following is punishable by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment:
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any person who does any of the following is punishable by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment: (1) Influences, or induces, or conspires with, any owner, trainer, jockey, groom, or other person associated with or interested in any stable, horse, or race in which a horse participates, to affect the result of that race by stimulating or depressing a horse through the administration of any drug to that horse, or by the use of any electrical device or any electrical equipment or by any mechanical or other device not generally accepted as regulation racing equipment, or so stimulates or depresses a horse. (2) Knowingly enters any horse in any race within a period of 24 hours after any drug has been administered to that horse for the purpose of increasing or retarding the speed of that horse. (3) Willfully or unjustifiably enters or races any horse in any running or trotting race under any name or designation other than the name or designation assigned to that horse by and registered with the Jockey Club or the United States Trotting Association or willfully sets on foot, instigates, engages in or in any way furthers any act by which any horse is entered or raced in any running or trotting race under any name or designation other than the name or designation duly assigned by and registered with the Jockey Club or the United States Trotting Association. (b) For purposes of this section, the term “drug” includes all substances recognized as having the power of stimulating or depressing the central nervous system, respiration, or blood pressure of an animal, such as narcotics, hypnotics, benzedrine or its derivatives, but shall not include recognized vitamins or supplemental feeds approved by or in compliance with the rules and regulations or policies of the California Horse Racing Board.
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $5.000
Handel mit gefälschten Markenwaren
Wer Waren mit einer gefälschten eingetragenen Marke herstellt, verkauft oder zum Verkauf besitzt, macht sich strafbar. Die Strafe hängt von der Stückzahl, dem Wert und davon ab, ob es sich um eine Einzelperson oder ein Unternehmen handelt. Für Wiederholungstäter sind die Strafen deutlich höher.
StrafeAb 1.000 Stück oder ab der Wertgrenze: bis…:normalerweise 2 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu bis $1.000.000· + 1 weiterer Fall
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Die 2 Strafrahmen im Gesetz
Ab 1.000 Stück oder ab der Wertgrenze: bis…16 Monate·2 Jahre·3 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „16 Monate · 2 Jahre · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „16 months, or two or three years“
Fall 22·3·4 Jahreweniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „2 · 3 · 4 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „two, three, or four years“
Cal. Penal Code § 350 — Handel mit gefälschten MarkenwarenWortlautzu
Wer Waren mit einer gefälschten eingetragenen Marke herstellt, verkauft oder zum Verkauf besitzt, macht sich strafbar. Die Strafe hängt von der Stückzahl, dem Wert und davon ab, ob es sich um eine Einzelperson oder ein Unternehmen handelt. Für Wiederholungstäter sind die Strafen deutlich höher.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Unter 1.000 Stück und unter der Wertgrenze des schweren Diebstahls: für Einzelpersonen Geldstrafe bis 10.000 Dollar, bis zu einem Jahr Bezirksgefängnis oder beides; für Unternehmen Geldstrafe bis 200.000 Dollar. Ab 1.000 Stück oder ab der Wertgrenze: bis zu einem Jahr Bezirksgefängnis oder 16 Monate, zwei oder drei Jahre Haft nach PC 1170(h), Geldstrafe bis 500.000 Dollar oder beides; für Unternehmen bis 1.000.000 Dollar. Für Wiederholungstäter gelten höhere Sätze.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(1) When the offense involves less than 1,000 of the articles described in this subdivision, with a total retail or fair market value less than that required for grand theft as defined in Section 487, and if the person is an individual, he or she shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than two hundred thousand dollars ($200,000).
(2) When the offense involves 1,000 or more of the articles described in this subdivision, or has a total retail or fair market value equal to or greater than that required for grand theft as defined in Section 487, and if the person is an individual, he or she shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed one year, or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years, or by a fine not to exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine not to exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000).
(b) Any person who has been convicted of a violation of either paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision (a) shall, upon a subsequent conviction of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a), if the person is an individual, be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year, or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000).
(c) Any person who has been convicted of a violation of subdivision (a) and who, by virtue of the conduct that was the basis of the conviction, has directly and foreseeably caused death or great bodily injury to another through reliance on the counterfeited item for its intended purpose shall, if the person is an individual, be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000).
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any person who willfully manufactures, intentionally sells, or knowingly possesses for sale any counterfeit mark registered with the Secretary of State or registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, shall, upon conviction, be punishable as follows: (1) When the offense involves less than 1,000 of the articles described in this subdivision, with a total retail or fair market value less than that required for grand theft as defined in Section 487, and if the person is an individual, he or she shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than two hundred thousand dollars ($200,000). (2) When the offense involves 1,000 or more of the articles described in this subdivision, or has a total retail or fair market value equal to or greater than that required for grand theft as defined in Section 487, and if the person is an individual, he or she shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed one year, or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years, or by a fine not to exceed five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine not to exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000). (b) Any person who has been convicted of a violation of either paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision (a) shall, upon a subsequent conviction of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a), if the person is an individual, be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year, or pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000). (c) Any person who has been convicted of a violation of subdivision (a) and who, by virtue of the conduct that was the basis of the conviction, has directly and foreseeably caused death or great bodily injury to another through reliance on the counterfeited item for its intended purpose shall, if the person is an individual, be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years, or by both that fine and imprisonment; or, if the person is a business entity, by a fine of not more than four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000). (d) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), in any action brought under this section resulting in a conviction or a plea of nolo contendere, the court shall order the forfeiture and destruction of all of those marks and of all goods, articles, or other matter bearing the marks, and the forfeiture and destruction or other disposition of all means of making the marks, and any and all electrical, mechanical, or other devices for manufacturing, reproducing, transporting, or assembling these marks, that were used in connection with, or were part of, any violation of this section. (2) Upon request of any law enforcement agency and consent from the specific registrants, the court may consider a motion to have the items described in paragraph (1), not including recordings or audiovisual works as defined in Section 653w, donated to a nonprofit organization for the purpose of distributing the goods to persons living in poverty at no charge to the persons served by the organization. (3) Forfeiture of the proceeds of the crime shall be subject to Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 186) of Title 7 of Part 1. However, no vehicle shall be forfeited under this section that may be lawfully driven on the highway with a class C, M1, or M2 license, as prescribed in Section 12804.9 of the Vehicle Code, and that is any of the following: (A) A community property asset of a person other than the defendant. (B) The sole class C, M1, or M2 vehicle available to the immediate family of that person or of the defendant. (C) Reasonably necessary to be retained by the defendant for the purpose of lawfully earning a living, or for any other reasonable and lawful purpose. (e) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply: (1) When counterfeited but unassembled components of computer software packages are recovered, including, but not limited to, counterfeited computer diskettes, instruction manuals, or licensing envelopes, the number of “articles” shall be equivalent to the number of completed computer software packages that could have been made from those components. (2) “Business entity” includes, but is not limited to, a corporation, limited liability company, or partnership. “Business entity” does not include a sole proprietorship. (3) “Counterfeit mark” means a spurious mark that is identical with, or confusingly similar to, a registered mark and is used, or intended to be used, on or in connection with the same type of goods or services for which the genuine mark is registered. It is not necessary for the mark to be displayed on the outside of an article for there to be a violation. For articles containing digitally stored information, it shall be sufficient to constitute a violation if the counterfeit mark appears on a video display when the information is retrieved from the article. The term “spurious mark” includes genuine marks used on or in connection with spurious articles and includes identical articles containing identical marks, where the goods or marks were reproduced without authorization of, or in excess of any authorization granted by, the registrant. When counterfeited but unassembled components of any articles described under subdivision (a) are recovered, including, but not limited to, labels, patches, fabric, stickers, wrappers, badges, emblems, medallions, charms, boxes, containers, cans, cases, hangtags, documentation, or packaging, or any other components of any type or nature that are designed, marketed, or otherwise intended to be used on or in connection with any articles described under subdivision (a), the number of “articles” shall be equivalent to the number of completed articles that could have been made from those components. (4) “Knowingly possess” means that the person possessing an article knew or had reason to believe that it was spurious, or that it was used on or in connection with spurious articles, or that it was reproduced without authorization of, or in excess of any authorization granted by, the registrant. (5) Notwithstanding Section 7, “person” includes, but is not limited to, a business entity. (6) “Registrant” means any person to whom the registration of a mark is issued and that person’s legal representatives, successors, or assigns. (7) “Sale” includes resale. (8) “Value” has the following meanings: (A) When counterfeit items of computer software are manufactured or possessed for sale, the “value” of those items shall be equivalent to the retail price or fair market price of the true items that are counterfeited. (B) When counterfeited but unassembled components of computer software packages or any other articles described under subdivision (a) are recovered, including, but not limited to, counterfeited digital disks, instruction manuals, licensing envelopes, labels, patches, fabric, stickers, wrappers, badges, emblems, medallions, charms, boxes, containers, cans, cases, hangtags, documentation, or packaging, or any other components of any type or nature that are designed, marketed, or otherwise intended to be used on or in connection with any articles described under subdivision (a), the “value” of those components shall be equivalent to the retail price or fair market value of the number of completed computer software packages or other completed articles described under subdivision (a) that could have been made from those components. (C) “Retail or fair market value” of a counterfeit article means a value equivalent to the retail price or fair market value, as of the last day of the charged crime, of a completed similar genuine article containing a genuine mark. (f) This section shall not be enforced against any party who has adopted and lawfully used the same or confusingly similar mark in the rendition of like services or the manufacture or sale of like goods in this state from a date prior to the earliest effective date of registration of the service mark or trademark either with the Secretary of State or on the Principle Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. (g) An owner, officer, employee, or agent who provides, rents, leases, licenses, or sells real property upon which a violation of subdivision (a) occurs shall not be subject to a criminal penalty pursuant to this section, unless he or she sells, or possesses for sale, articles bearing a counterfeit mark in violation of this section. This subdivision shall not be construed to abrogate or limit any civil rights or remedies for a trademark violation. (h) This section shall not be enforced against any party who engages in fair uses of a mark, as specified in Section 14247 of the Business and Professions Code. (i) When a person is convicted of an offense under this section, the court shall order the person to pay restitution to the trademark owner and any other victim of the offense pursuant to Section 1202.4.
: Schadenswiedergutmachung · Einziehung
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $1.000.000
Organhandel
Es ist verboten, ein menschliches Organ zur Transplantation gegen Bezahlung zu erwerben, zu empfangen, zu verkaufen oder zu vermitteln. Ebenso verboten ist die Entnahme oder Verpflanzung eines Organs in Kenntnis eines solchen Handels. Zulässige Kostenerstattungen und die im Paragrafen genannten Ausnahmen bleiben unberührt.
Strafenormalerweise 4 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu bis $50.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
3·4·5 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „3 · 4 · 5 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „three, four, or five years“
Cal. Penal Code § 367f — OrganhandelWortlautzu
Es ist verboten, ein menschliches Organ zur Transplantation gegen Bezahlung zu erwerben, zu empfangen, zu verkaufen oder zu vermitteln. Ebenso verboten ist die Entnahme oder Verpflanzung eines Organs in Kenntnis eines solchen Handels. Zulässige Kostenerstattungen und die im Paragrafen genannten Ausnahmen bleiben unberührt.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Geldstrafe bis 50.000 Dollar oder drei, vier oder fünf Jahre Haft nach PC 1170(h) oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(g) Any person who violates subdivision (a) or (b) shall be punished by a fine not to exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for three, four, or five years, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Except as provided in subdivisions (d) and (e), it shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly acquire, receive, sell, promote the transfer of, or otherwise transfer any human organ, for purposes of transplantation, for valuable consideration. (b) Except as provided in subdivisions (d), (e), and (f), it shall be unlawful to remove or transplant any human organ with the knowledge that the organ has been acquired or will be transferred or sold for valuable consideration in violation of subdivision (a). (c) For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: (1) “Human organ” includes, but is not limited to, a human kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreas, or any other human organ or nonrenewable or nonregenerative tissue except plasma and sperm. (2) “Valuable consideration” means financial gain or advantage, but does not include the reasonable costs associated with the removal, storage, transportation, and transplantation of a human organ, or reimbursement for those services, or the expenses of travel, housing, and lost wages incurred by the donor of a human organ in connection with the donation of the organ. (d) No act respecting the nonsale donation of organs or other nonsale conduct pursuant to or in the furtherance of the purposes of the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 7150) Part 1 of Division 7 of the Health and Safety Code, including acts pursuant to anatomical gifts offered under Section 12811.3 of the Vehicle Code, shall be made unlawful by this section. (e) This section shall not apply to the person from whom the organ is removed, nor to the person who receives the transplant, or those persons’ next-of-kin who assisted in obtaining the organ for purposes of transplantations. (f) A licensed physician and surgeon who transplants a human organ in violation of subdivision (b) shall not be criminally liable under that subdivision if the act is performed under emergency and life-threatening conditions. (g) Any person who violates subdivision (a) or (b) shall be punished by a fine not to exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for three, four, or five years, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $50.000
Missbrauch von Samen, Eizellen oder Embryonen
Es ist verboten, Samen, Eizellen oder Embryonen in der Fortpflanzungsmedizin für einen anderen Zweck zu verwenden, als der Spender schriftlich eingewilligt hat. Ebenso verboten ist das Einsetzen bei einer anderen Empfängerin ohne schriftliche Einwilligung von Spender und Empfängerin.
Strafenormalerweise 4 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu bis $50.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
3·4·5 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „3 · 4 · 5 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „three, four, or five years“
Cal. Penal Code § 367g — Missbrauch von Samen, Eizellen oder EmbryonenWortlautzu
Es ist verboten, Samen, Eizellen oder Embryonen in der Fortpflanzungsmedizin für einen anderen Zweck zu verwenden, als der Spender schriftlich eingewilligt hat. Ebenso verboten ist das Einsetzen bei einer anderen Empfängerin ohne schriftliche Einwilligung von Spender und Empfängerin.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Drei, vier oder fünf Jahre Haft nach PC 1170(h), Geldstrafe bis 50.000 Dollar oder beides.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
Section 1170 for three, four, or five years, by a fine not to exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) It shall be unlawful for anyone to knowingly use sperm, ova, or embryos in assisted reproduction technology, for any purpose other than that indicated by the sperm, ova, or embryo provider’s signature on a written consent form. (b) It shall be unlawful for anyone to knowingly implant sperm, ova, or embryos, through the use of assisted reproduction technology, into a recipient who is not the sperm, ova, or embryo provider, without the signed written consent of the sperm, ova, or embryo provider and recipient. (c) Any person who violates this section shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for three, four, or five years, by a fine not to exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment. (d) Written consent, for the purposes of this section, shall not be required of men who donate sperm to a licensed tissue bank.
Straftaten gegen die Person mit sexuellem Übergriff sowie Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Sittlichkeit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $50.000
Einleiten schädlicher Stoffe in die Kanalisation
Es ist verboten, böswillig Stoffe in einen Schacht, eine Reinigungsöffnung oder eine andere Abwasseranlage einzuleiten, die dem Betrieb der öffentlichen Kanalisation erheblich schaden können, oder dort andere Stoffe in gewerblichen Mengen abzuladen, wenn keine schriftliche Erlaubnis des Betreibers vorliegt. Böswillig bedeutet hier, dass der Täter eine rechtswidrige Handlung will. Erfasst sind auch Firmen und Gesellschaften.
Strafe1,3 bis 2 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu $5.000 – $25.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 374.2 — Einleiten schädlicher Stoffe in die KanalisationWortlautzu
Es ist verboten, böswillig Stoffe in einen Schacht, eine Reinigungsöffnung oder eine andere Abwasseranlage einzuleiten, die dem Betrieb der öffentlichen Kanalisation erheblich schaden können, oder dort andere Stoffe in gewerblichen Mengen abzuladen, wenn keine schriftliche Erlaubnis des Betreibers vorliegt. Böswillig bedeutet hier, dass der Täter eine rechtswidrige Handlung will. Erfasst sind auch Firmen und Gesellschaften.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Geldstrafe bis zu 25.000 Dollar oder beides. Bei Wiederholung: Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h von 16, 20 oder 24 Monaten sowie Geldstrafe von mindestens 5.000 und höchstens 25.000 Dollar.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(d) Any person who violates this section shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or by a fine of up to twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), or by both a fine and imprisonment. If the conviction is for a second or subsequent violation, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16, 20, or 24 months, and by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000) or more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000).
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) It is unlawful for any person to maliciously discharge, dump, release, place, drop, pour, or otherwise deposit, or to maliciously cause to be discharged, dumped, released, placed, dropped, poured, or otherwise deposited, any substance capable of causing substantial damage or harm to the operation of a public sewer sanitary facility, or to deposit in commercial quantities any other substance, into a manhole, cleanout, or other sanitary sewer facility, not intended for use as a point of deposit for sewage, which is connected to a public sanitary sewer system, without possessing a written authorization therefor granted by the public entity which is charged with the administration of the use of the affected public sanitary sewer system or the affected portion of the public sanitary sewer system. As used in this section, “maliciously” means an intent to do a wrongful act. (b) For the purposes of this section “person” means an individual, trust, firm, partnership, joint stock company, limited liability company, or corporation, and “deposited in commercial quantities” refers to any substance deposited or otherwise discharged in any amount greater than for normal domestic sewer use. (c) Lack of specific knowledge that the facility into which the prohibited discharge or release occurred is connected to a public sanitary sewer system shall not constitute a defense to a violation charged under this section. (d) Any person who violates this section shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or by a fine of up to twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), or by both a fine and imprisonment. If the conviction is for a second or subsequent violation, the person shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16, 20, or 24 months, and by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000) or more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000).
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe $5.000 – $25.000
Ablagern gefährlicher Stoffe
Wer wissentlich einen gefährlichen Stoff auf einer Strasse, einem Weg, einem Bahngelände oder auf fremdem Grund ohne Zustimmung des Eigentümers oder in Gewässern des Staates ablagert, macht sich strafbar. Straffrei bleibt, wer den Austritt als Notfall unverzüglich der zuständigen Behörde meldet. Für den Nachweis der Tat kommt es nicht auf die Anforderungen der Verwaltungsvorschriften an.
Strafe1,3 bis 3 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu $50 – $10.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 374.8 — Ablagern gefährlicher StoffeWortlautzu
Wer wissentlich einen gefährlichen Stoff auf einer Strasse, einem Weg, einem Bahngelände oder auf fremdem Grund ohne Zustimmung des Eigentümers oder in Gewässern des Staates ablagert, macht sich strafbar. Straffrei bleibt, wer den Austritt als Notfall unverzüglich der zuständigen Behörde meldet. Für den Nachweis der Tat kommt es nicht auf die Anforderungen der Verwaltungsvorschriften an.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h von 16 Monaten, zwei oder drei Jahren oder Geldstrafe von mindestens 50 und höchstens 10.000 Dollar oder Geldstrafe und Freiheitsstrafe.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(b) Any person who knowingly causes any hazardous substance to be deposited into or upon any road, street, highway, alley, or railroad right-of-way, or upon the land of another, without the permission of the owner, or into the waters of this state is punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for a term of 16 months, two years, or three years, or by a fine of not less than fifty dollars ($50) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment, unless the deposit occurred as a result of an emergency that the person promptly reported to the appropriate regulatory authority.
16 months, 2 years, or 3 years
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) In any prosecution under this section, proof of the elements of the offense shall not be dependent upon the requirements of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations. (b) Any person who knowingly causes any hazardous substance to be deposited into or upon any road, street, highway, alley, or railroad right-of-way, or upon the land of another, without the permission of the owner, or into the waters of this state is punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for a term of 16 months, two years, or three years, or by a fine of not less than fifty dollars ($50) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both the fine and imprisonment, unless the deposit occurred as a result of an emergency that the person promptly reported to the appropriate regulatory authority. (c) For purposes of this section, “hazardous substance” means either of the following: (1) Any material that, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical or chemical characteristics, poses a significant present or potential hazard to human health and safety or to the environment if released into the environment, including, but not limited to, hazardous waste and any material that the administering agency or a handler, as defined in Chapter 6.91 (commencing with Section 25410) of Division 20 of the Health and Safety Code, has a reasonable basis for believing would be injurious to the health and safety of persons or harmful to the environment if released into the environment. (2) Any substance or chemical product for which one of the following applies: (A) The manufacturer or producer is required to prepare a MSDS, as defined in Section 6374 of the Labor Code, for the substance or product pursuant to the Hazardous Substances Information Training Act (Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 6360) of Part 1 of Division 5 of the Labor Code) or pursuant to any applicable federal law or regulation. (B) The substance is described as a radioactive material in Chapter 1 of Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations maintained and updated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. (C) The substance is designated by the Secretary of Transportation in Chapter 27 (commencing with Section 1801) of the appendix to Title 49 of the United States Code and taxed as a radioactive substance or material. (D) The materials listed in subdivision (b) of Section 6382 of the Labor Code.
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe $50 – $10.000
Abgabe von Dinitrophenol
Wer Dinitrophenol zu irgendeinem Zweck verkauft, abgibt, verabreicht oder verschreibt, macht sich strafbar. Ausgenommen sind als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel zugelassenes Dinitrophenol sowie der Verkauf für gewerbliche Herstellung oder wissenschaftliche Zwecke, sofern es nicht zum menschlichen Verzehr bestimmt ist.
Strafe$1.000 – $10.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 382.5 — Abgabe von DinitrophenolWortlautzu
Wer Dinitrophenol zu irgendeinem Zweck verkauft, abgibt, verabreicht oder verschreibt, macht sich strafbar. Ausgenommen sind als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel zugelassenes Dinitrophenol sowie der Verkauf für gewerbliche Herstellung oder wissenschaftliche Zwecke, sofern es nicht zum menschlichen Verzehr bestimmt ist.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Als Verbrechen (felony) strafbar mit Geldstrafe von mindestens 1.000 und höchstens 10.000 Dollar oder Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h oder beidem.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
Every person who sells, dispenses, administers or prescribes dinitrophenol for any purpose shall be guilty of a felony, punishable by a fine not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Every person who sells, dispenses, administers or prescribes dinitrophenol for any purpose shall be guilty of a felony, punishable by a fine not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment. This section shall not apply to dinitrophenol manufactured or sold as an economic poison registered under the provision of Section 12811 of the Food and Agricultural Code nor to sales for use in manufacturing or for scientific purposes, and not for human consumption.
- haft-nach-1170h-ohne-zahlen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe $1.000 – $10.000
Abgabe von Augenbrauen- und Wimpernfarben mit gefährlichen Chemikalien
Wer Zubereitungen mit Diphenylamin, Paraphenylendiamin oder Paratoluylendiamin oder deren Derivaten zum Färben von Augenbrauen und Wimpern verkauft, abgibt, verabreicht oder verschreibt, macht sich strafbar.
Strafe$1.000 – $10.000 — kein Gefängnis im Text
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Cal. Penal Code § 382.6 — Abgabe von Augenbrauen- und Wimpernfarben mit gefährlichen ChemikalienWortlautzu
Wer Zubereitungen mit Diphenylamin, Paraphenylendiamin oder Paratoluylendiamin oder deren Derivaten zum Färben von Augenbrauen und Wimpern verkauft, abgibt, verabreicht oder verschreibt, macht sich strafbar.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Als Verbrechen (felony) strafbar mit Geldstrafe von mindestens 1.000 und höchstens 10.000 Dollar oder Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h oder beidem.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
Every person who sells, dispenses, administers or prescribes preparations containing diphenylamine, paraphenylenediamine, or paratoluylenediamine, or a derivative of any such chemicals, to be used as eyebrow and eyelash dye, shall be guilty of a felony, punishable by a fine not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
Every person who sells, dispenses, administers or prescribes preparations containing diphenylamine, paraphenylenediamine, or paratoluylenediamine, or a derivative of any such chemicals, to be used as eyebrow and eyelash dye, shall be guilty of a felony, punishable by a fine not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
- haft-nach-1170h-ohne-zahlen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe $1.000 – $10.000
Einbau unwirksamer Brandschutzanlagen
Wer vorsätzlich oder böswillig eine Brandschutzanlage einbaut oder unterhält, von der er weiss, dass sie nicht funktioniert, oder wer die Wirksamkeit einer solchen Anlage beeinträchtigt und dadurch im Brandfall Menschen im Gebäude gefährdet, macht sich strafbar. Zu den Brandschutzanlagen zählen Sprinkleranlagen, Steigleitungen, ortsfeste Löschanlagen und Brandmeldeanlagen.
StrafeFreiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h:normalerweise 3 Jahre Gefängnis· + 1 weiterer Fall
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Die 2 Strafrahmen im Gesetz
Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h2·3·4 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „2 · 3 · 4 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „two, three, or four years“
Führt die Tat zu einer schweren Körperverle…5·6·7 Jahreweniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „5 · 6 · 7 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „five, six, or seven years“
Cal. Penal Code § 386 — Einbau unwirksamer BrandschutzanlagenWortlautzu
Wer vorsätzlich oder böswillig eine Brandschutzanlage einbaut oder unterhält, von der er weiss, dass sie nicht funktioniert, oder wer die Wirksamkeit einer solchen Anlage beeinträchtigt und dadurch im Brandfall Menschen im Gebäude gefährdet, macht sich strafbar. Zu den Brandschutzanlagen zählen Sprinkleranlagen, Steigleitungen, ortsfeste Löschanlagen und Brandmeldeanlagen.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h von zwei, drei oder vier Jahren. Führt die Tat zu einer schweren Körperverletzung oder zum Tod: als Verbrechen (felony) mit Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h von fünf, sechs oder sieben Jahren.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Any person who willfully or maliciously constructs or maintains a fire-protection system in any structure with the intent to install a fire protection system which is known to be inoperable or to impair the effective operation of a system, so as to threaten the safety of any occupant or user of the structure in the event of a fire, shall be subject to imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years.
(b) A violation of subdivision (a) which proximately results in great bodily injury or death is a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for five, six, or seven years.
2 , 3 , or 4 years
5 , 6 , or 7 years
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any person who willfully or maliciously constructs or maintains a fire-protection system in any structure with the intent to install a fire protection system which is known to be inoperable or to impair the effective operation of a system, so as to threaten the safety of any occupant or user of the structure in the event of a fire, shall be subject to imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years. (b) A violation of subdivision (a) which proximately results in great bodily injury or death is a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for five, six, or seven years. (c) As used in this section, “fire-protection system” includes, but is not limited to, an automatic fire sprinkler system, standpipe system, automatic fixed fire extinguishing system, and fire alarm system. (d) For purposes of this section, the following definitions shall control: (1) “Automatic fire sprinkler system” means an integrated system of underground and overhead piping designed in accordance with fire protection engineering standards. The portion of the sprinkler system above ground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure, or area, generally overhead, and to which sprinklers are attached in a systematic pattern. The valve controlling each system riser is located in the system riser or its supply piping. Each sprinkler system riser includes a device for activating an alarm when the system is in operation. The system is normally activated by heat from a fire, and it discharges water over the fire area. (2) “Standpipe system” means an arrangement of piping, valves, and hose connectors and allied equipment installed in a building or structure with the hose connectors located in a manner that water can be discharged in streams or spray patterns through attached hose and nozzles. The purpose of the system is to extinguish a fire, thereby protecting a building or structure and its contents and occupants. This system relies upon connections to water supply systems or pumps, tanks, and other equipment necessary to provide an adequate supply of water to the hose connectors. (3) “Automatic fixed fire extinguishing system” means either of the following: (A) An engineered fixed extinguishing system which is custom designed for a particular hazard, using components which are approved or listed only for their broad performance characteristics. Components may be arranged into a variety of configurations. These systems shall include, but not be limited to, dry chemical systems, carbon dioxide systems, halogenated agent systems, steam systems, high expansion foam systems, foam extinguishing systems, and liquid agent systems. (B) A pre-engineered fixed extinguishing system is a system where the number of components and their configurations are included in the description of the system’s approval and listing. These systems include, but are not limited to, dry chemical systems, carbon dioxide systems, halogenated agent systems, and liquid agent systems. (4) “Fire alarm system” means a control unit and a combination of electrical interconnected devices designed and intended to cause an alarm or warning of fire in a building or structure by either manual or automatic activation, or by both, and includes the systems installed throughout any building or portion thereof. (5) “Structure” means any building, whether private, commercial, or public, or any bridge, tunnel, or powerplant.
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
- mehrere-strafrahmen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1
Verschweigen einer verborgenen Gefahr durch Unternehmen
Eine Gesellschaft oder eine verantwortliche Führungskraft macht sich strafbar, wenn sie von einer ernsten verborgenen Gefahr eines Produkts, einer Anlage, eines Verfahrens, eines Arbeitsplatzes oder einer Geschäftspraxis tatsächlich weiss und die zuständige Aufsichtsbehörde sowie die gefährdeten Beschäftigten nicht wie vorgeschrieben unterrichtet.
Strafenormalerweise 2 Jahre Gefängnis· dazu bis $1.000.000
Cal. Penal Code § Mehr dazuschliessen
Der Strafrahmen im Gesetz
16 Monate·2 Jahre·3 JahreWarum drei Zahlen??weniger
Das Gericht nimmt eine dieser drei Zahlen. Dazwischen gibt es nichts — „16 Monate · 2 Jahre · 3 Jahre“ heisst nicht „von … bis“.
- Die mittlere ist der Normalfall. Sie gilt, solange nichts dagegenspricht.
- Die obere nur, wenn es besonders schlimm war — und das muss bewiesen sein. „Wahrscheinlich“ reicht nicht.
- Die untere, wenn etwas dafür spricht: erlittenes Trauma, Jugend zur Tatzeit, Gewalt in der Partnerschaft.
Im Gesetz: „16 months, two, or three years“
Cal. Penal Code § 387 — Verschweigen einer verborgenen Gefahr durch UnternehmenWortlautzu
Eine Gesellschaft oder eine verantwortliche Führungskraft macht sich strafbar, wenn sie von einer ernsten verborgenen Gefahr eines Produkts, einer Anlage, eines Verfahrens, eines Arbeitsplatzes oder einer Geschäftspraxis tatsächlich weiss und die zuständige Aufsichtsbehörde sowie die gefährdeten Beschäftigten nicht wie vorgeschrieben unterrichtet.
Strafe auf Deutsch —
Freiheitsstrafe im Bezirksgefängnis bis zu einem Jahr oder Geldstrafe bis zu 10.000 Dollar oder beides; oder Freiheitsstrafe nach Section 1170 Buchstabe h von 16 Monaten, zwei oder drei Jahren oder Geldstrafe bis zu 25.000 Dollar oder beides. Für Gesellschaften beträgt die Geldstrafe höchstens 1.000.000 Dollar.
Wortlaut im Gesetz (englisch)
(a) Any corporation, limited liability company, or person who is a manager with respect to a product, facility, equipment, process, place of employment, or business practice, is guilty of a public offense punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for a term not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment; or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, two, or three years, or by a fine not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000); or by both that fine and imprisonment, but if the defendant is a corporation or a limited liability company the fine shall not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000), if that corporation, limited liability company, or person does all of the following:
16 months, 2 , or 3 years
Ganzer Gesetzestext (englisch)
(a) Any corporation, limited liability company, or person who is a manager with respect to a product, facility, equipment, process, place of employment, or business practice, is guilty of a public offense punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for a term not exceeding one year, or by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment; or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, two, or three years, or by a fine not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000); or by both that fine and imprisonment, but if the defendant is a corporation or a limited liability company the fine shall not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000), if that corporation, limited liability company, or person does all of the following: (1) Has actual knowledge of a serious concealed danger that is subject to the regulatory authority of an appropriate agency and is associated with that product or a component of that product or business practice. (2) Knowingly fails during the period ending 15 days after the actual knowledge is acquired, or if there is imminent risk of great bodily harm or death, immediately, to do both of the following: (A) Inform the Division of Occupational Safety and Health in the Department of Industrial Relations in writing, unless the corporation, limited liability company, or manager has actual knowledge that the division has been so informed. Where the concealed danger reported pursuant to this paragraph is subject to the regulatory authority of an agency other than the Division of Occupational Safety and Health in the Department of Industrial Relations, it shall be the responsibility of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health in the Department of Industrial Relations, within 24 hours of receipt of the information, to telephonically notify the appropriate government agency of the hazard, and promptly forward any written notification received. (B) Warn its affected employees in writing, unless the corporation, limited liability company, or manager has actual knowledge that the employees have been so warned. The requirement for disclosure is not applicable if the hazard is abated within the time prescribed for reporting, unless the appropriate regulatory agency nonetheless requires disclosure by regulation. Where the Division of Occupational Safety and Health in the Department of Industrial Relations was not notified, but the corporation, limited liability company, or manager reasonably and in good faith believed that they were complying with the notification requirements of this section by notifying another government agency, as listed in paragraph (8) of subdivision (d), no penalties shall apply. (b) As used in this section: (1) “Manager” means a person having both of the following: (A) Management authority in or as a business entity. (B) Significant responsibility for any aspect of a business that includes actual authority for the safety of a product or business practice or for the conduct of research or testing in connection with a product or business practice. (2) “Product” means an article of trade or commerce or other item of merchandise that is a tangible or an intangible good, and includes services. (3) “Actual knowledge,” used with respect to a serious concealed danger, means has information that would convince a reasonable person in the circumstances in which the manager is situated that the serious concealed danger exists. (4) “Serious concealed danger,” used with respect to a product or business practice, means that the normal or reasonably foreseeable use of, or the exposure of an individual to, the product or business practice creates a substantial probability of death, great bodily harm, or serious exposure to an individual, and the danger is not readily apparent to an individual who is likely to be exposed. (5) “Great bodily harm” means a significant or substantial physical injury. (6) “Serious exposure” means any exposure to a hazardous substance, when the exposure occurs as a result of an incident or exposure over time and to a degree or in an amount sufficient to create a substantial probability that death or great bodily harm in the future would result from the exposure. (7) “Warn its affected employees” means give sufficient description of the serious concealed danger to all individuals working for or in the business entity who are likely to be subject to the serious concealed danger in the course of that work to make those individuals aware of that danger. (8) “Appropriate government agency” means an agency on the following list that has regulatory authority with respect to the product or business practice and serious concealed dangers of the sort discovered: (A) The Division of Occupational Safety and Health in the Department of Industrial Relations. (B) State Department of Health Services. (C) Department of Agriculture. (D) County departments of health. (E) The United States Food and Drug Administration. (F) The United States Environmental Protection Agency. (G) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (H) The Federal Occupation Safety and Health Administration. (I) The Nuclear Regulatory Commission. (J) The Consumer Product Safety Commission. (K) The Federal Aviation Administration. (L) The Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission. (c) Notification received pursuant to this section shall not be used against any manager in any criminal case, except a prosecution for perjury or for giving a false statement. (d) No person who is a manager of a limited liability company shall be personally liable for acts or omissions for which the limited liability company is liable under subdivision (a) solely by reason of being a manager of the limited liability company. A person who is a manager of a limited liability company may be held liable under subdivision (a) if that person is also a “manager” within the meaning of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b).
- dreiwertiger-strafrahmen
Straftaten gegen die öffentliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit · Teil 1 · Geldstrafe bis $1.000.000
2Dein Fall
noch leer
Noch nichts ausgewählt. Suchen Sie oben nach der Tat und tippen Sie „Hinzufügen“ — jede Tat einzeln, so oft, wie sie vorkam.
3Diese Paragraphen gelten
Sobald die erste Tat oben im Fall liegt, stehen hier die Paragraphen, die dafür gelten — jeder mit Fundstelle zum Kopieren.
Orientierung, keine verbindliche Auskunft — das letzte Wort hat das Gericht. Katalog: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov — California Penal Code, Stand 2026-08-30, 1419 Paragraphen. Verbindlich ist der englische Wortlaut; die deutsche Fassung ist eine Arbeitsübersetzung und steht an jedem Paragraphen zum Aufklappen daneben — für 5 Paragraphen liegt sie noch nicht vor.